1、 vectors矢量：velocity（速度v）acceleration（加速度a）force（力f）displacement（位移）,Vectors(向量)
2、 scalars标量：speed（速率）weight（重量）mass（质量）volume（体积）energy（能量）work（功）
3、 The unit of SI(国际标准单位)：metre米,kilogram千克KG,second秒S,newton牛顿N,watt瓦特W,ampere安培A,joule焦耳J
4、 连线：length长度----metre(M米weight的所有形式)，mass质量----kilogram(KG千克)，time时间----second(S秒)，current电流----ampere(A安培)，temperature温度----kelvin(K开尔文)，amount物质的量----mole(MOL摩尔)，charge电荷----coulomb(C库伦)，force力----neton(N牛顿)，energy能量----joule（J焦耳），resistance电阻----ohm（Ω欧姆）
5、 (√×)Average velocity is not necessarily the same as average speed.平均速度不等于平均速率。
6、 概念Displacement 位移is distance moved in a particular direction. metre (m).
7、 If two or more forces act on something, their combined effect iscalled the resultant force. 如果两个或更多的力的作用点，他们的组合效果被称为合力。
8、 The turning effect of a force is called a moment（力矩）
9、 On earth, everything feels the downward force of gravity。This gravitational force is called weight.（重力）
10、 Near the Ether’s surface, the gravitational force on each kg is about 10 N:the gravitational field strength重力场强度 is 10 N kg-1. This is represented by the symbol g.（g的概念）
11、 Work功 is done whenever a force makes something move.
12、 Things have energy 能if they can do work。工作的物体都有能量。
13、 Energy exists in different forms:（能量存在形势） Kinetic energy，Potential energy，Internal energy，Heat (thermal energy)，Radiant energy
14、 Energy changes能量守恒定律According to the law of conservation of energy: Energy cannot be made or destroyed, but it can be changed fromone form to another. 能量的变化。根据能量守恒定律：能量不能被破坏，但它可以从一种形式转化为另一种。
15、 计算势能：work done = force × distance moved = mg × h    So potential energy势能 = mgh  For example, if a 2 kg stone is 5 m above the ground, and g is 10 N kg-1, then the stone’s PE = 2×10×5 = 100 J.
16、 计算动能： kinetic energy = 1/2mv2  For example, if a 2 kg stone has a speed of 10 m s-1, it KE = 1/2×2×102 = 100 J.
17、 Everything is made from about 100 substances called elements.元素
18、 Kelvin 开尔文scale—This has the same sized ‘degree’ as the Celsius scale, but its ‘zero’ is absolute zero (-273 °C)
19、 多选Heat can be transferred by conduction, convection, and radiation, as well as by evaporation. 热量可以传送通过传导，对流，辐射，以及由蒸发。
20、 The region around a magnet where magnetic forces act is sometimes called a magnetic field.磁场
21、 If one end of a bar magnet is moved into a coil, as below, an EMF (voltage) is generated in the coil. This effect is called electromagnetic induction.电磁感应
22、 (√×)The EMF makes a current flow in the circuit. 电动势使电路中的电流流动。
23、 多选The induced EMF (and the current) is increased if :the magnet is moved faster ,there are more turns on the coil, a magnet giving a stronger field is used.电动势增加条件
24、 Transverse wave横向波 —The oscillations are at right-angles to the direction of travel
25、 Longitudinal wave 纵向波—The oscillations are in line with the direction of travel, so that a compress (‘squash’) is followed by a rarefaction (‘stretch’), and so on:
26、 多选Wave features：Amplitude，Frequency，Wavelength，Speed
27、 speed = frequency ×wavelength速度=频率×波长 
For example, if the frequency is 5 Hz and the wavelength is 2 m,then the wave speed is 10 m s-1
28、 多选Wave in a ripple tank：Reflection，Refraction，Diffraction，Interference
29、 waves bend around the edges of a narrow gap. This is called diffraction.衍射
30、 Sound waves are longitudinal声波是长纵波
31、 Uncertainty误差: systematic uncertainties系统误差（these occur because of some inaccuracy in the measuring system or in how it is being used）, random uncertainties随机误差(these can occur because there is a limit to the sensitivity of the measuring instrument or to how accurately you can read it)
32、 For example, say you measure a current I, a voltage V, and calculate a resistance R using the equation R=V/I. If there is a 3% uncertainty in V and a 4% uncertainty in I, then th
ere is a 7% uncertainty in your calculated value of R.例如，你测量到电流I，和电压V，计算电阻R，使用公式R=V/I，如果V有3%的误差，I有4%的误差，那么你计算结果R就有7%的误差。
33、 A2=A×A, the % uncertainty in A2 is twice that in A.
34、 In this equation, m and c are constants常数, as shown below. Y and x are variables because they can take different values. X is the independent variable自变量, y is the dependent variable因变量: its value depends on the value of X.
35、 (√×/选择)Labelling graph axes:标号图轴 The scales on the graph’s axes are pure , unitless numbers and not voltages or currents.
36、 Vectors are quantities which have both magnitude (size) and direction. Examples include displacement and force.向量是有大小和方向的量，例如位移和力。

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