2022年高考英语二轮复习讲练测【讲案】
专题 1 语法填空考点4 名词
【构建知识体系】
语法填空
有提示词
1.动词:时态;语态;非谓语动词形式;词形转换
2.形容词:形容词和副词相互转换;比较级;最高级;反义词;词形转换
3.名词:名词单复数变化及词形转换
4.代词:人称代词的主格和宾格;形容词性物主代词;名词性物主代词;反身代词
5.数词:基数词;序数词;加后缀-teen-ty
无提示词
1.连词
1)并列连词butandor
2)从属连词whatthatwhen
2.副词:howeverthereforeso……
3.代词:it
4.冠词:anathe
5.介词及固定短语
6.情态动词(考查的几率较低)
【命题解读】
新课标
要求
命题评价解读
《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》明确指出:高中学生应该学习和掌握的英语语言基础知识包括语音、词汇、语法、功能和话题等五个方面的内容(教育部)
考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。
语篇型语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用,强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力,凸显交际性和语境化特征。
【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向
考点  名词
2021年命题解读和近三年考点分布
考点
题型
名词
语法填空
2021
2021·英语全国甲卷watchtowers2021·全国新高考Ihumans2021·全国高考乙卷developmentactivities2021年新高考全国representative
2020
2020·新课标interest2020·新课标celebration;
2019
2019·全国III competition;2019·浙江6 connection;2019·北京activities
1.2021·英语全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 49 (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.
【答案】watchtowers
【解析】考查名词复数。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知,此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念,应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers
2.2021·全国新高考I卷】The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 (human) are.
【答案】humans
【解析】考查名词复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海,你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。humanwe的同位语,we为复数,应用human的复数形式。故填humans
3.2021·全国高考乙卷】Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62(develop)of the local areas.
【答案】development
【解析】考查名词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知,此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development
4.2021·全国高考乙卷】69(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足weight什么时候用复数)and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】activities
【解析】考查名词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知,空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填activities
5.2021·浙江卷6月】Beautifully restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 38 marryceremony in 1842.
【答案】marriage
【解析】考查名词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知,此处要用名词形式;结合设空处后的ceremony,可知此处意为婚礼;提示词marry意为婚姻,其名词形式为marriagemarriage ceremony意为婚礼。故填marriage
6.2021年新高考全国卷】A company 44 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over the plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
【答案】representative
【解析】考查名词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语,用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,所以填representative
7.2021·北京卷】Why do we dreamScientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse11 (idea)Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.
【答案】ideas
【解析】考查可数名词的数。句意:科学家们还不能完全确定,他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的,多种多样的,形容词作定语,后接可数名词复数;idea想法,可数名词。故填ideas
8.2021·天津卷第一次考)Great improvements in public health have been brought about by ________advance in medical science.
【答案】advances
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。此处advances前进,进步;。根据上文“Great improvements in public health have been brought about”可知,公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的,advances符合语境。故填advances
9.20211月浙江高考)It is calculated by dividing a 13 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.
【答案】person’s
【解析】考查名词所有格。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高()的平方,BMI1925之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,person是修饰weight的,用 person的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s
10.2020·新课标卷)The far side of the moon is of particular ______(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side.
【答案】interest
【解析】考查名词。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣。故填interest
11.2020·新课标卷)Chinese New Year is a ______(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【答案】celebration
【解析】考查名词。句意:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration
12. 2019·全国IIIWhen they were free from workthey invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ______(compete)to watchtogether with the story behind it.
【答案】competition

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