比较级与最高级、倍数表达方式
一、 词的变化规则
1）规则变化
构成法 | 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est | tall(高的) great(巨大的) | taller greater | tallest greatest |
以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st | nice(好的) large(大的) able（有能力的） | nicer larger abler | nicest largest ablest |
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est | big(大的) hot (热的) | bigger hotter | biggest hottest |
"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est | easy(容易的) busy(忙的) | easier busier | easiest busiest |
少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est | clever(聪明的) narrow(窄的) | cleverer narrower | cleverest narrowest |
其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。 | important(重要的) easily(容易地) | more important more easily | most important most easily |
2) 不规则变化
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
good(好的) well(健康的) | better | best |
bad (坏的) ill(有病的) | worse | worst |
old (老的) | older/elder | oldest/eldest |
much/many(多的) | more | most |
little(少的) | less | least |
far (远的) | weight的最高级 farther/further | farthest/furthest |
3）more + 形容词/副词原级
二、基本结构
比较级形容词或副词+than
You are taller than I.
He is the tallest in his class.
可修饰比较级的词
1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等
2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
3）以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
典型例题:
1）---- Are you feeling ____?
---- Yes，I'm fine now.
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.
A.more B.much more C. much
3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D.a much happier time
the+最高级+比较范围
1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。
形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。
It is a most important problem.
=It is a very important problem.
注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.
注意：
a.very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。
This is the very best.
This is much the best.
b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。
Africa is the second largest continent.
3) 句型转换：
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
4) "否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。
Nothing is so easy as this.
=Nothing is easier than this.
=This is the easiest thing.
倍数的表达方式
1. “… times ＋形容词 / 副词的比较级＋ than …”例如：
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
2. “… times +as + 形容词 / 副词的原级＋ as …”例如：
This table is three times as long as that one.
3. “… times + the + 名词（如： size， height， weight， length， width, age等）＋ of …”例如：
版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论