Section Ⅱ Language Points(Ⅰ)(Warming Up，Prereading，Reading & Comprehending)
[语 言 基 础 自 测]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．He thought that crying is a sign of weakness(虚弱)．
2．Everyone needs to have a healthy diet(日常饮食) and regular exercise to keep healthy.
3．The old man likes eating raw(生的) vegetables.
4．She starves to become slim(苗条)．
5．This company is our regular customer(顾客)．
6．The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths despite that she also has many wea
knesses.
7．I bought a pair of sneakers at a 30% discount，which saved me much money.
8．Don't believe in him! His words are full of lies about the matter.
9．It is healthier to keep a balanced diet every day.
10．The little boy had never seen the machine before and stared at it with curiosity．
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．balance vt.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
2．curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇心
3．host n．主人；主持人v.主持；主办→hostess n．女主人；女主持人
4．weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n．缺点；虚弱；弱点
5．strong adj.强壮的→strength n．强项；长处；力量
ness名词后缀 | (r)ess表示女性的名词后缀 |
weakness虚弱；弱点 happiness幸福 sadness悲伤 | waitress女服务员 actress女演员 hostess女主人；女主持人 |
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．balanced diet 平衡膳食
2．ought to 应该；应当
3．lose weight 体重减轻；减肥
4．get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
5．tell a lie 说谎
6．back 赢回；重新获得
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The party must try to win the support back．
2．You're too fat，and you'd better lose weight．
3．How did he get away with cheating?
4．The floors ought to be washed at least every two days.
5．Judging from his expression，he told a lie just now.
cut＋adv. | v.(看)＋at |
cut in插嘴 cut off切断，隔绝 cut down削减；砍倒 | glare at怒目而视 stare at凝视 glance at瞥一眼 |
Ⅴ.经典句式仿写
1．Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到很沮丧。
[记句式结构]weight的最高级现在分词短语作状语。
[仿写促落实]With the beautiful moon up in the sky，we sat together and ate mooncakes and fruit，sharing our stories．
美丽的月亮挂在天上，我们坐在一起吃月饼、水果，分享我们的故事。
2．“Nothing could be better，”he thought.
他想：“再也没有比这些更好吃的了。”
[记句式结构]“否定词＋谓语动词＋比较级”表示最高级。
[仿写促落实]As is known to us，nothing could be more important than health.
众所周知，健康是最重要的。
3．Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
要是李昌不像往常那样到他的餐馆吃饭，那肯定是发生了什么糟糕的事情。
[记句式结构]“must have done”表示对过去发生事情的推测。
[仿写促落实]My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.
我无心的话一定深深地伤害了他。
4．He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉。
[记句式结构]have sb.doing sth.与否定的情态动词连用意为“不允许/容忍某人(一直)做某事”。
[仿写促落实]He could not have his son playing computer games all the time during summer vacation.
他不能容忍他儿子暑假期间一直玩电脑游戏。
5. The weakness of the diet in Wang Peng's restaurant was that it did not give enough protective food.
王鹏餐馆的饮食弱点在于它没能给予足够的保健型食物。
[记句式结构]that引导表语从句。
[仿写促落实]One of them is that we can find a variety of topics，such as science，culture and history.
其中之一就是我们能到各种话题，比如科学、文化和历史。
[核 心 要 点 探 究]
balance vt.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡
(教材P9)What will happen to you if you don't eat a balanced diet？如果没有均衡的饮食你将会怎么样？
(1)keep one's balance＝keep the balance of
保持平衡
lose one's balance 失去平衡
out of balance 不平衡
(2)balance A against B 在A和B之间权衡
(3)balanced adj. 平衡的；和谐的；的
①You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。
②It is important to keep the balance of the development of economy and the protection of environment.
保持经济发展与环境保护的平衡是很重要的。
③You'd better keep a balanced (balance)diet for the benefit of your health.
为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。
(教材P10)Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated．
王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到很沮丧。
【要点提炼】 现在分词短语作状语。
feeling very frustrated为动词ing作伴随状语，其逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，且为主动关系。
现在分词作状语还可表时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、让步等。
①Many Chinese doctors devoted their time in Africa last year，saving patients infected with Ebola virus.
去年许多中国医生致力于非洲，拯救了许多感染的病人。
②Hearing the news，I couldn't help laughing.
听到这个消息，我情不自禁地笑起来。
③The fire died out，leaving nothing in the room．
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