《英语周报》2019高考模拟题题型冲刺——语法填空
实战演练（一）
People's fingernails and toenails,according61.________a recent study,are nowadays growing more quickly. Research carried out at the University of North Carolina indicates that the speed at62.________human nails are growing63.________(increase)by close to25per cent over the last70years.
The results of the study show that the average human fingernail now grows about3.5mm a month,64. ________(compare)with just3mm seven decades ago.Toenail growth,although only about2mm per month,was also up on the figure obtained in65.________similar survey done70years ago.
Researchers put the rapid increase down to changes in lifestyle,particularly the greater awareness of the66. ________(important)of regular exercise and a healthy diet.This,they point out,is in line with similar67. ________(trend)in the height and weight of present-day adults.68.________(interesting),it appears that nails tend69.________(grow)fastest in warmer conditions,with the70.________(quick)growth rate among young people,and men.The fastest-growing nail is on the middle finger,while that on the little finger is by far the slowest, at only a little over3mm each month.
实战演练（二）
As the rain starts to pound on the windows,you may find your dog hiding under a low piece of furniture or in the corner of a dark room.It’s not unusual for a dog to attempt61.________(become)grounded during storms by seeking62.________lowest place in the house or some place near the house’s pipes.
But why?As you might suspect,noise is one of the63.________(reason).Thunderstorms can frighten dogs with noise phobia,64.________is a severe fear of loud noises.Noise phobias can start at any age and worsen over time if65.________(leave)untreated.
Another reason is static electricity(静电).During a thunderstorm,static electricity in the clouds builds up, eventually66.________(burst)into lightning.Dogs can sense this static electricity,and often even before the storm reaches our own neighbourhood.Static electricity67.________(feel)by dogs through their fur.It could be 68.________(help)to gently lead your dog to the bathroom and into the bathtub as the porcelain(瓷器)may69. ________(actual)help block static electricity.
At the same time,try not to take care70.________your dog too much.Otherwise,your dog may think that its behavior is something you’d like to see again.
实战演练（三）
One-eighth of all61.________(know)bird species are threatened with extinction(灭绝),warns a global report.That is1,469species62.________danger out of almost11,000.
Farming is63.________biggest threat:1,091of the threatened bird species are in trouble because of the growth of agriculture.Farms now occupy six times as much of Earth’s land surface as they64.________(do)over 300years ago,65.________(rise)from6to38percent between1700and today.
“It’s being driven by changing human consumption66.________(pattern),particularly an increasing switch to a high-meat diet,”says Tris Allinson of BirdLife International.“Today,two-and-a-half times more people are overweight67.________undernourished(营养不良的).”
The growth of agriculture is destroying bird habitats.Farms are spreading out onto ever more land to grow things like cocoa,sugar,and coffee.This loss of habitat is even putting68.________(press)on relatively common species,like turtle doves in Europe and Asia and grey parrots in Africa.“The trend we’re69.________(real) noticing is seeing more familiar,widespread species in trouble,”says Allinson.
Allinson says we can save many of the threatened birds.“We do know how70.________(improve)degraded ecosystems,and we can farm more effectively,”he says.
实战演练（四）
The traditional Chinese name chop(名章)or seal has been used for thousands of years.61.__________is quite likely that people began using name chops because Chinese characters are so complex and few people in ancient times62.__________(be)able to read and write.In addition,chops date back to a time63.__________ there was no other form of64.__________(identify)such as ID cards.
A chop also served as a valid signature.All official65.__________(document)in China needed a chop to be valid.Today,most Chinese are educated,but the tradition66.__________(keep)alive in China.
If you spend any length of time in China,you will almost67.__________(certain)need to have a chop.If you’re staying a short time,a chop makes a(n)68.__________(amaze)souvenir.A chop can be made quickly,but first you will need to have your name69.__________(translate)into Chinese characters.
There are many different sizes and styles of chops.Inexpensive small chops can be carved70.__________ wood or plastic—upmarket chops are made from ivory,jade,marble or steel.Only a special type of slow-drying red ink is used for a name chop,so if you buy a chop in China,get an inkpad(印泥盒)too.
实战演练（五）
Celebrities like Olivia Munn,as well as many fashion houses,are among those61.________have taken a stand against wearing animal fur.Now,San Francisco has become the62.________(large)city in the USA to ban retailers(零售商)from selling new fur to their consumers.Thus,63.________strong message is sent to the fur industry that the64.________(cruel)these animals suffer for the purpose of becoming clothing is not consistent with the values of the city.
In2011West Hollywood became the first American city65.________(forbid)the sale of new fur items,and Berkeley passed a ban66.________the sale of fur clothes last year.Additionally,in2000,the UK led that charge, 67.________(follow)by Australia in2004.The Netherlands,the European Union’s largest producer of fur, banned fur farming in2012.Earlier this month,Norway banned fur farming and fox and mink(貂)farming by 2025.
San Francisco’s ban68.________(take)into effect since January1,2019.69.________(hopeful),efforts like this will continue to encourage retailers,consumers,and beyond,to stop70.________(purchase)real animal fur and,thus,further protect the lives of animals everywhere.
参考答案：
（一）
weight的最高级<。考查介词。意为“根据……”，为固定搭配。
62.which。考查关系代词。at which引导定语从句，修饰先行词speed。
63.has increased。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语over the last70years可知，此处应用现在完成时。
64pared。考查动词-ed形式作状语的用法。compare与其逻辑主语3.5mm a month之间是动宾关系，故用compared。
65.a。考查冠词。survey为可数名词，此处表泛指，故填不定冠词a。
66.importance。考查名词。设空处由定冠词the修饰，故应填名词。
68.Interestingly。考查副词。设空处作状语，故应用副词形式。
< grow。考查动词不定式作宾语的用法。tend to do sth.意为“倾向于做某事”，为固定搭配。
70.quickest。考查形容词的最高级。设空处由the修饰，且由前面的fastest可知，应填quick的最高级形
式。
（二）
< become。考查不定式作宾语的用法。attempt to do sth.意为“企图做某事”。
62.the。考查定冠词。形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。
64.which。考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰noise phobia，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
65.left。考查过去分词作状语的用法。if从句常省去主语（与主句主语相同时）和系动词或助动词be，故此处省略they are，填left。
66.bursting。考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。static electricity与burst之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且设空处表意料之中的结果，故填bursting。
67.is felt。考查一般现在时的被动语态。由by dogs可知，Static electricity与feel之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况，故填is felt。
68.helpful。考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，且句子意为“小心地把你的狗领到澡盆里可能会有用”，故填helpful。
69.actually。考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词，故填副词actually。
70.of。考查介词。take care of意为“照顾”。
（三）
61.known。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作bird species的定语，且意为“已知的”，故填known。
62.in。考查介词。in danger意为“在危险中”。
63.the。考查定冠词。形容词最高级前需用定冠词the。
64.did。考查一般过去时。由over300years ago可知设空处所表示的动作发生在过去，故填did，代替occupied the Earth’s land surface。
65.rising。考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。Farms与rise之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且rise所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，故填rising。
66.patterns。考查名词复数。pattern是可数名词，由changing（变化的）可知此处应填其复数形式。
67.than。考查连词。由two-and-a-half times more people可知，此处指超重的人是营养不良的人的2.5倍，故需填than。
68.pressure(s)。考查名词。设空处作putting的宾语，且意为“压力”，此时pressure既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，故填pressure(s)。
< improve。考查不定式作宾语的用法。此处用“疑问词+不定式”构成的不定式短语作know的宾语，故填to improve。（四）
61.It。考查it的用法。本句中that引导的从句是真实主语，故句首用It作形式主语。
62.were。考查一般过去时和主谓一致。本句的主语是people，再根据其后置定语in ancient times可知应用一般过去时，故设空处填were。
63.when。考查关系副词。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词time且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
64.identification。考查名词。设空处前面是介词of，故此处填名词identification。
65.documents。考查名词复数。document是可数名词，根据设空处前面的All可知此处填其复数形式documents。
66.is kept。考查一般现在时的被动语态。tradition与keep之间是被动关系，再根据本句开头的时间状语Today可知用一般现在时，故设空处填is kept。
68.amazing。考查形容词。设空处修饰名词souvenir且意为“令人惊讶的”，故填形容词amazing。
70.from。考查介词。be carved from后加材料，意为“用……雕刻而成”。
（五）
61.who/that。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those（指人）且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
62.largest。考查形容词最高级。由设空处前的the及表示范围的in the USA可知此处应用最高级，故填largest。
63.a。考查冠词。message是可数名词且此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。
< forbid。考查不定式作定语的用法。 do sth.意为“第一个做某事的……”。
<。考查介词。a ban on sth.是固定搭配，意为“有关……的禁令”。
67.followed。考查过去分词作状语的用法。follow与其逻辑主语the UK之间是动宾关系，故填过去分词followed。
68.has taken。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语since January1,2019可知，应用现在完成时。
69.Hopefully。考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰整个句子，故填副词Hopefully。
70.purchasing。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。

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