英国全称大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国,是由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国,一统于一个中央政府和国家元首。英国位于欧洲大陆西北面,英国本土位于大不列颠岛,被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋包围。国土面积24.36万平方公里,人口约6000万。英国是世界上第一个工业化国家,是一个具有多元文化和开放思想的社会。首都伦敦是欧洲最大和最具国际特的城市。
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is from England, Scotland, Welsh and Northern Ireland United Kingdom, unified in a central government and head of state. Britain is located in northwest Europe, United Kingdom is located in the British Isles, Beihai, the English channel, the Celtic Sea, Irish Sea and around the Atlantic. Land area of 243600 square kilometers, a population of about 60000000. England is the first industrialized country in the world, is a multi-cultural and open minded society. London is Europe's largest and most international city.
Chinese Name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
English Name: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Abbreviation: England
The continent: Europe
Capital city: London
The main city: London, Manchester, Liverpool
National Anthem:" God save the Queen"
Country code: GBR
Official language: English
Currency: pounds
Time zone: UTC+0 ( daylight saving time: UTC+1 )
Political system: a parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Head of state: Elizabeth II, David Cameron
Population: 60943912 ( 2008)
The population density is 246 people / km2:
The main ethnic groups: the British
The main religion: Protestant
Land area: 244820 square kilometers
Water rate: 1.34%
GDP total: $2.772 ( 2008)
Per capita GDP: $45845 ( 2008)
International telephone code: + 44
International domain abbreviations: . UK
Road: drive on the left
1536年,英格兰与威尔士统一;
1707年5月1日,英格兰与苏格兰统一;
1801年1月1日,与爱尔兰统一;
1922年4月12日,《英爱条约》生效,爱尔兰南部脱离其统治,成立独立国家;
1973年1月1日,加入欧洲共同体[今欧洲联盟]。
英国的殖民扩张[1]
物质基础:国内资本主义工业非常发达,是在海外殖民活动中取胜的主要原因。
政治制度:英国资产阶级革命后,成立了先进的政治制度。
武力后盾:建立了欧洲一支最强大的海军。
意识形态:宗教改革后,英国清教徒强烈的个人奋斗进取精神和思想文化意识的进步与解放,也是取胜的重要原因。
特点:英国殖民霸权地位的确是通过殖民战争实现的。
对外部分历史:
1588年,击败西班牙无敌舰队。
1600年,英国侵入印度。
1688年,之后又疯狂扩大地盘,在非洲冈比亚等地建立了“捕奴站”。
部分过程:① 16世纪,英国没有实力同西班牙和葡萄牙抗衡,这时期海上活动的特点是进行一般性海上贸易的同时进行海盗式的抢劫和贩卖黑人奴隶。
② 1588年,英国打败西班牙的“无敌舰队”,开始确立了海上霸权
③ 1652-1674年的三次英荷战争,英国打败荷兰,夺取了荷兰在北美的新尼德兰殖民地
④ 18世纪,英法发生多次战争,在最后的七年战争中,英国打败法国确立了世界殖民霸权
19世纪后期,英国征服了缅甸和马来西亚,夺取了南非的荷兰殖民地。在大洋洲,英国占领了许多岛屿,并侵占了新西兰,把它们统统并入了大不列颠帝国的殖民地。
1840年第一次中英战争[2]
1854年克里米亚战争
1856~1860年第二次中英战争
1900参与八国联军侵华
1914-1918参加第一次世界大战
In 1536, England and Welsh uniform;
In May 1, 1707, England and the unification of Scotland;
In January 1, 1801, with a United ireland;
In April 12, 1922," love" the treaty came into force, the southern part of Ireland from its rule, the establishment of an independent state;
In January 1, 1973, joining the European Community [ now the European Union ].
British colonial expansion [1 ]
Material basis of Capitalism: the domestic industry is developed, in the overseas colonial a
ctivities to win the main reason.
Political system: the British bourgeois revolution, set up an advanced political system.
Force: the establishment of the European backing of a powerful navy.
Ideology: after the reformation, the English Puritans strong personal struggle and enterprising spirit and ideological and cultural awareness of progress and liberation, but also win the important reason.
Features: British colonial hegemony is realized through a colonial war.
External part of history:
In 1588, defeated the Spanish armada.
In 1600, the British invasion of India.
In 1688, after the crazy expanded sites in Africa, Gambia and the establishment of" a slave station".
Part of the process : 1 sixteenth Century, Britain did not have the strength to contend with Spain and Portugal, the period of maritime activity is characterized by a general maritime trade and Viking's robbery and trafficking in slaves.
In 1588, the British defeated the Spanish" armada", begin to establish maritime hegemony
The 1652-1674 of the three Anglo-Dutch war, England beat Holland, captured Holland in North American colony of new Netherlands
The eighteenth Century, the occurrence of multiple wars, at the end of the seven years war, the British defeated France established the colony of hegemony
>苏格兰英格兰威尔士
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198,我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论