Model test 1
set asideAir pollution
People nowadays have realized the serious problem of the air pollution caused by the car.  One way to get rid of the polluted car is to design a car that does not pollute. That is what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this filed has been slow. Another way is to take the place of the car engine something else. Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars.
Mini-lecture
If you are a college student in the United States, you are most likely to live in dorms. You don’t have a lot of choice when it comes to where you’re going to live. You will probably be asked to fill out a form indicating your housing choices. You can list your ideal dorms on campus (If you’ve visited or done some research), but there's no guarantee that you’ll end up there. Here are a few examples of the different types of college dorms or living arrangements you might encounter.
The first type is all first year. Some dorms are set aside for first-year students only. The benefit is no upperclassmen ticked off by all the noise and chaos and you get to meet first-year students who share the similar experiences and feelings as you do everyday.
The second type is single gender. There tend to be fewer all-male dorms than all-female. The disadvantage of a single-gender dorm is the fun factor. It’s simply more exciting to be in a coed dorm. Also. Coed dorms eliminate the mystique of the opposite sex. When you’re living with both guys and girls, everyone becomes just another person in the hallway.
Unlike single gender for the whole building, single-gender floors are coed, but split the girls and boys up by floor. Depending on dorm rules, you may or may not be able to mix after certain hours.
Then there is coed by room. Many dorms are coed by room girls and boys sharing walls but not rooms. Exciting at first, yes. However, this excitement can quickly turn sour when romantic relationships in the dorm go bad.
The quiet-floor dorms set aside quiet floors where it’s easier to study. The fear is often that the resident on these floors are uptight and won’t party, but that’s not always the case. They just don’t want the party in their faces. However, quiet is relative to the listener, and many people will find these floors noisy, especially if the rules aren’t well enforced.
Special focus. Some campuses offer special dorm floors, such as those for students with an interest in majoring in music or languages, or are dedicated to earning academic honors.
International dorms. Some college have dorms specially for students from other countries. Domestic students are allowed to live in these dorms too, but priority is given to those students coming from abroad.
These are the most common types of dorm in American colleges or universities, and there are usually different rules in different dorms. But here are some common dorm rules that many colleges have.
First, no alcohol. As is stated by the US law, the minimum legal drinking age is 21 and so it is illegal for anyone to drink alcohol under the age of 21. some dorms allow students who are over 21 to have alcohol in their rooms. At a first year, you are probably not over 21.
Second, no fire hazards. These include candles, cigarettes, portable heating units, and sometimes irons. Some dorms still have smoking rooms, but this is becoming less common.
Third, no unruly conduct. In other words, no fighting, destroying dorm property, setting off fire alarms… you get the idea.
No appliances. Some dorms have rules about what kinds of kitchen items you can bring. Some only allow low-wattage microwaves and coffeemakers, and others don’t allow anything, not even a little fridge. Check with your dorm before you bring any appliances.
No loud music or voices at night. Quiet hours generally start at 10 or No loud music or voices after this time.
Conversation 1
M: Tina, I’m reading an article and just run across a term “the Greek System”. What is that?
W: Oh, the Greek System is a very unique part of American college education. Most American colleges have these students organizations on campus. A boy’s group is called a fraternity which means brotherhood, and a girl’s groups is called a sorority. These fraternities and sororities have their own houses on campus. Collectively, these groups are called the “Greek System,” because each house is named after two or three letters of the Greek alphabet.
M: So they are student organizations. What do they do?
W: Well, there are different kinds of them. There are social Greek organizations, as well as those dedicated to a particular profession, such as medicine, law, engineering, or journalism. Also. Greek organization do a lot of community service: they raise money for charities, volunteer in soup kitchens and for other community organizations, and organize food drives on campus.

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