1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
2损害:Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
3给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
4培养::Develop, cultivate, foster
5优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, do wnside, weakness
7 使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle
8 重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative
9 认为:Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly c onvinced, be fully convinced
10 保护:Protect, conserve, preserve
11确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
12 有害的:Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
13 要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition
14 消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away
15 导致:Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate
16 因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
17 增长至:Grow to,rise to,increase to,go up to,climb to,ascend to,jump to,shoot to
18降低至:Dip to,fall to,decline to,decrease to,drop to,go down to,reduce to,slump to,des cend to,sink to,slide to
resolve怎么记忆19保持稳定:Level out,do not change,remain stable,remain still,remain steady,be stable,mainta in the same level,remain unchanged,be still,remain the same level,stay constant,keep at the sa me level,level off,stabilize,keep its stability,even out
20 急剧地:Dramatically,drastically,sharply,hugely,enormously,steeply,substantially,considerably,significantly,markedly,surprisingly,strikingly,radically,remarkably,vastly,noticeably
21平稳地:Steadily,smoothly,slightly,slowly,marginally,gradually,moderately,mildly
22 宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim
23 发生:Happen, occur, take place
24 原因:Reason, factor, cause
25 发展:Development, advance, progress
26 有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding,advantageous
27 影响:Influence, impact, effect
28明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear
29占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose
30与…相比:Compared with,compared to,in comparison with,in comparison to,by comparison with,by comparison to
31对比而言:By contrast,in contrast,on the other hand,on the contrary=,conversely
32展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe
33 大约:Approximately,almost,about,around,nearly,roughly3
4波动:Fluctuate,go ups and downs,display a fluctuation,demonstrate a fluctuation
35事实上:Practically,in practice,essentially,in essence,in reality,in effect,in fact,as a matter of fact,it is a fact that
36换言之:Namely,that is to say,in other words,to put it like this,to put it differently,to put it f rom another way,to put it from another angle
A。保留大写字母或第一音节
经济: E 教育:Edu 文化:C 政治:P 科技:ST 卫生:H
旅游:T 环境:En 工业:I 农业:A
B .简写缩略
AFAC :as far as …is concerned( 就……而言)
LFT :look forward to ( 期待)
ASAP :as soon as possible( 尽快)
C .图象
⊕高兴,同意,满意等,如:happy ,pleased ,satisfied ,agree…
◎悲伤,生气,不满,不同意等,如:
sad ,angry ,irritated ,unsatisfied ,sorrowful ,discomfort ,disagree…
⊙会议,如conference ,meeting ,seminar ,symposium…
□国家,地区,如:中国:□C ,俄国:□R
D .符号
﹢高兴,男性,同意,增加等,如
happy ,male ,agree ,many ,+2=more ,+3=most ,beneficial ,good ,beautiful ,great ,gorgeous…-悲伤,女性,不同意,减少等,如
sad ,female ,disagree ,little ,few ,-2=less ,-3=least ,lack of ,short of…
√同意,正确等,如:agree ,correct ,right…
×不同意,错误等,如:disagree ,incorrect…
↑增长,进步等,如:increase ,soar ,mushroom ,rocket ,make progress…
↓下降,退步,恶化等,如decrease ,sink ,slide ,subside ,plump ,plunge ,drop ,degrade ,deteriorate…
>多于,超过,比……低一级等,如:more than ,greater than ,begger than ,better than ,superior to ,surpass ,transcend ,overtake…
<少于,比……低级等,如:less than ,lower than ,smaller than ,inferior to…
~大约,如:approximately ,about ,around ,some ,nearly ,almost ,similar to…
/否定,清除,如:clear ,settle ,solve ,tackle ,conquer ,eliminate ,extinct…
≠与……不同,如:differ from ,different from ,distinct ,unique…
$ 金钱,利益,如:interest ,benefit ,money ,fund ,capital…
E .标点
问题,麻烦,障碍,如:question ,issue ,difficult ,hardship ,barrier ,obstacle…
: 主观想法和说辞,如:think ,consider ,speak ,say ,talk ,mark ,announce ,declare ,hope ,例:repeat 或reaffirm 可以用:2 来替代,声明支持可以用+ :来替代,谴责用- :
。表时间前后,如去年。y ,明年y 。,后天 d 。。,前天。。 d ,两周后w 。。
现列举一个段落来进行一下速记的说明:
女士们,先生们,尊贵的来宾们:
今天我很荣幸能够代表北京大学全体师生向来自美国教育代表团一行致以热烈的欢迎,希望你们在今后的两周内在中国过得愉快。
新东方口译的速记符号系统是这样的:
-/+ ,VIP ,
d ,⊕代BJ Uni all wel US Edu del
e ,:w 。。,⊕□C
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
四、数学符号
+ 表示“多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.
++(+2) 表示“多”的比较级:more
+3 表示“多”的最高级:most
-表示“少”: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.
×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念:wrong/incorrect,something
bad,notorious,negative, etc.
> 表示“多于”概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.
表示“高”概念:superior to,surpass, etc.
< 表示“少于”概念:less/smaller,etc.
表示“低”概念:inferior to,etc.
= 表示“同等”概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same as,be equal
to, etc.
表示“对手”概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.
( ) 表示“在......之间”:among, within, etc.
≠表示“不同”概念:be different from, etc.
表示“无敌”概念:matchless, peerless, etc.
~表示“大约”概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.
/ 表示“否定”,“消除”等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.
五、标点等
: 表示各种各样“说”的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.
表示“问题”:question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?
. (dot) 这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“.d”表示yesterday, “.y”表示last year,
“.2m”表示two month ago。“y”表示this year, “y2.” two year later“next
week”, 可以表示为“wk.”
∧表示转折
√表示“好的“状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.
表示“同意”状态,stand up for,support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative,
etc.
☆表示“重要的”状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.
n 表示“交流”状态:exchange,mutual, etc.
& 表示“和”,“与”:and,together with,along with, accompany,along
with,further more,etc.
‖表示“结束”:end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.
六、较长单词的处理办法
-ism 简写为 m 例如:socialism Sm
-
tion 简简写为 n 例如:standardization (标准化) stdn
-cian 简简写为 o 例如:technician techo
-ing 简写为 g 例如:marketing (市场营销) MKTg
-ed 简写为 d 例如:accepted acptd
-able/ible/ble 简写为 bl 例如:available avbl
-ment 简写为 mt 例如:amendment amdmt
-ize 简写为 z 例如:recognize regz
-ful 简写为 fl 例如:meaningful mnfl
口译笔记如何记
口译的过程中,译者会遭遇许多讯息负荷上的困难,例如:讯息过多、讯息密集(好几项并列的讯息)、讯息杂乱、或是讯息陌生(如数字或专有名词)。既使能够完全理解讯息的内容,也有可能无法完整地将讯息传达出来。这时候,我们就需要一些辅助工具的协助,这就是口译笔记。
口译笔记的功能是:
第一、具有辅助短时记忆的作用,避免遗忘漏失。
第二、透过图像、版面与符号的交错运用,笔记具有语段逻辑分析与保存的功能,能将语篇的段落整理清楚并保存一段时间。
笔记是口译讯息整理与保存的工具,运用这项工具时必须先了解到底笔记的内容是什么。缩减练习中已经提到,建立新架构的必要讯息是5W1H「六何」(何人、何事、何时、何地、何物、如何)。再加上,数字与专有名词就是了。
在讯息内容之外,还要进一步掌握的就是讯息内容之间的关系。
讯息关系内容说明方法运用
段落的顺序显示出语篇或语意的段落画线或排列表示
逻辑的关系祝贺、谢词、欢迎、感想运用笔记符号表示
强弱的程度表达状语等修饰词,如「极为」、「少许」、「经常」、「偶而」等。在右上角用1-2个+ - !?等表示
变化的情形升高、降低、波动、剧变运用<>↗↘↑→等表示
至于笔记的方法可以分为:笔记的结构、笔记的语言与笔记的原则来谈。
分述其定义及运用方法如下:
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198,我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论