Unit 4　Space Exploration
Reading and Thinking
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境写出正确的单词
1. a famous astronaut  　一位著名的宇航员
2. the selection procedure        选择过程
3. resolve to do sthmental and physical training        身心训练
4. an intelligent answer        一个聪明的回答
5. the secrets of the universe        宇宙的秘密
6. escape Earth’s gravity        摆脱地球的引力
7. make vehicles to carry people        制造载人的交通工具
8. determine to be a explorer        决定做一个探索者 
9. the Sputnik satellite        “旅伴一号”卫星
10. launch the satellite        发射卫星 
11. orbit around Earth        绕地球运转 
12. America’s NASA space agency        美国宇航局太空总署
13. transmit data        传输数据
14. the desire to explore the universe        探索宇宙的欲望 
15. Shenzhou 5 spacecraft        神舟五号飞船
16. the first Chinese spacewalk        中国首次太空行走
17. operate independently        独立运作
18. signal one step further        标志着更进一步 
Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空
1. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe. 
2. The USSR focused on sending people into space. 
3. People believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration. 
4. There are lots of astronauts from different countries on board. 
5. Mankind is exploring the space in the hope of finding out more about the universe.
6. It can lead to an accident that kills everyone on the large aircraft.
7. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets. 
8. People will always continue to explore the universe so as to learn its secrets. 
Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space,  and scientists work hard to find answers.
仰望星空, 人们总是想要更多地了解太空, 科学家们也在努力寻答案。
2. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.
在20世纪中期以前, 大多数人认为进入太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。
3. More recently,  China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. 
最近, 中国发射了“嫦娥四号”探测器, 探测月球背面, 进行测量和观测。
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1. -al常用于名词之后构成形容词
universe n. →universal adj. 宇宙的
agriculture n. →agricultural adj. 农业的 
globe n. →global adj. 全球的 
2. -ly常用于形容词之后构成副词
independent adj. → independently adv. 独立地
honest adj. →honestly adv. 诚实地
careful adj. → carefully adv. 细心地 
阅读精析·合作学习
Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks
2. What is the text type of the passage?
A. Narration(记叙文).
B. Argumentative Essay(议论文).
C. Expository Writing (说明文).
D. Practical Writing (应用文).
答案: C
3. What’s the main idea of this passage?
The passage mainly describes that going into space has become a reality. Despite many disasters,  it has not stopped people from exploring space. It also tells China’s rapid development in space and a bright future for space exploration. 
【寻技巧·提能力】
1. 如何出段落大意? 遇到有重点句的段落, 可以删除句子中不重要的部分或者出句子中重要的部分, 两者虽然意思相同, 但有时删去不重要的, 比直接重要的容易; 没有重点句的段落, 便要概括。概括段意的难度比重点句困难。出各段段落大意后, 排列在一起, 删除重复部分, 优化文句, 就是中心思想。
2. 归纳主题句的要求是什么?
(1)确切。即能准确、恰当地出文章所反映的思想感情。
(2)完整。即用恰如其分的句子把作者在文章中所反映的主要思想感情不遗漏地表达出来。
(3)简洁。即在确切、完整的前提下, 用最简明扼要的文字来表达。
3. 不同的体裁如何归纳大意?
(1)记叙文: 出全文的主要事件是什么, 通过事件看作者要表明什么思想感情; 也可以从分析人物入手, 出人物的性格思想特点, 看作者要表明什么样的思想感情。
(2)说明文: 从说明的对象、被说明的事物的特点及说明的目的入手。
(3)议论文: 从标题、中心论点入手。
总之, 归纳文章的中心思想要从全文着眼, 深入理解全文的主要内容, 全面分析内部联系, 把握全文实质, 就能归纳出文章的中心思想。
Task 2　文本微观剖析:  细节探究 
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)Which satellite was launched by the USSR in 1957?
A. Shenzhou 5.      B. The Sputnik 1.
C. Voyager 1.                     D. The USSR’s Soyuz 11.
(2)Who was the first person in the world to go into space?
A. Yang Liwei.            B. Neil Armstrong.
C. Yuri Gagarin.             D. Liu Yang.
(3)Who was the first man to orbit Earth in Shenzhou 5 spacecraft?
A. Yang Liwei.        B. Zhai Zhigang.
C. Fei Junlong.        D. Jing Haipeng.
(4)In which satellites all the astronauts died during their missions?
A. The USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger.
B. Chang’e 4 and Jade Rabbit.
C. Challenger and Voyager 1.
D. Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou 6.
(5)What’s the attitude to the space exploration according to the author?
A. Supportive.        B. Neutral.
C. Objective.            D. Negative.
答案: (1)～(5)BCAAA
2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
People have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)travelling (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)with the help of scientists, people succeeded in realizing their dream (3)to explore (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4)was launched (launch) by the USSR.  (5)Although/Though scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still ha
ppen. These disasters made everyone (6)disappointed(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) carrying(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)independently (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)discoveries (discovery) will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. 

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