Unit 5　 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The proposals they put forward at the meeting were of little  significance (significant).
解析：考查名词。句意：他们在会上提出的建议无足轻重。of little significance不太重要。
2.Fifteen persons were under arrest because of the serious violence.
解析：考查介词。句意：由于十五人被捕。under arrest被捕。
3. Fed (feed) up with doing all the housework, she has hired a cleaner.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：厌烦做家务，所以她雇佣了一名清洁工。过去分词作原因状语，相当于是she was fed up with…。
4.My family has a vase, which is said to date (date) back to the Ming Dynasty.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我家有个花瓶，据说是从明代传下来的。be said to do据说……。
5.He drove slowly, having (have) a chat with his friend on the phone.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他一边和朋友在电话里聊天，一边慢慢地开车。现在分词作伴随状语。
6.She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
解析：考查连词。句意：快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停了下来，不往前走了。考查句型had almost done…when…快要做完……突然这时……。
7.We walked a long way to see him, only to find (find) that he had just left for the countryside.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走了很长一段路去看他，没想到他刚下乡了。only to do不定式短语在句中作结果状语,表示意外的，不好的结果。
8.He dropped the glass onto the floor, breaking (break) it into pieces.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他把玻璃杯子掉在了地上，摔碎了。动词-ing形式在句中作结果状语，强调必然的结果。
9.If only my mother were (be) here with me now!
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要是母亲现在和我在一起就好了！If only…用于虚拟语气时，若表示与现在事实相反的情况，句中谓语则用动词的过去式，be动词常用were。
10.Please hand the book over to Lucy, who is in need of it now.
解析：考查副词以及定语从句。第一空hand sth. over to sb.把……递给某人；第二空who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Lucy。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.If only it not been for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
解析：考查虚拟语气。要不是前天他给我发的邀请信，我现在就不会在这里。从句时间状语the other day，表明从句是对过去的情况虚拟，故用过去完成时。
2.I had just about given myself up for lost suddenlya ship spotted me.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：正当我绝望时突然一艘船发现了我。考查句型had just about done…when…刚……突然这时……。
3.I have been read half of the English novel, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：这本英文小说我已读了一半，这个周末我将尽力把它读完。根据语境表示已经读了一半，故用现在完成时。
4. the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增加，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。分析句子可知，as表示“随着”。
less is more英文理解
5.In many ways, the education system in the US is very different from in the UK.
解析：考查代词。句意：美国的教育体系与英国的教育体系在很多方面有差异。that替代the education system,it特指前面提到的同一事物。
6.More efforts, as reported, will be made in the years ahead the supply side structural reform.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：正如所报道的，在未来几年要作出更大的努力来加快供应方面的结构改革。to accelerate动词不定式作目的状语。
7.The temple back to the 4th century BC was designed by a famous architect.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到公元前4世纪的这座庙宇是由一位著名设计师设计的。分析句子结构，句子谓语是was designed by，dating是现在分词作定语，相当于which dated。
8.It's true that the old road is less direct and a bit longer.， they don't like to take the new one.
解析：考查副词辨析。句意：事实上，原来的老路不太直，并且有些远，但是不知道怎么地，他们不喜欢走这条新路。somehow不知怎么地；somewhat有点，稍微，有几分。
9.After the flood, the villagers began to look and tried their best to rebuild their homeland.
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：在洪水之后，村民们开始为将来做打算，尽他们最大的努力重建他们的家园。look ahead 往前看；为将来打算； look back 回顾。
10.Little did I know what troubles were in wait for me when I got home.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：我几乎不知道当我到家时，麻烦的事在等着我。lie in wait for静候某人，lie现在分词形式是lying;laying是动词lay的现在分词形式。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
（2016·天津卷）Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue.In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones.The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors.Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序)order, never letting myself leave out a tough idea.And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing.Experience proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.Though willing to get started, we cannot see
m to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again.In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.

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