第八单元补充练习点评
Exercise 1: Translate the following sentences into Chinese applying the skill of combining several short sentences into one sentence.
6.The young man was very miserable. He had no money about him. All his savings had been stolen.
例1：这个年轻人非常可怜，他一无所有，所有的积蓄都被偷了。
例2：这个可怜的男人，他所有的积蓄都被人偷走了，已经身无分文。
例3：这个年轻人很惨，已落到了身无分文的地步，因为他所有的积蓄被窃。
7.Darkness fell. An explosion shook the earth. It did not shake his will to go to the front.
例1：黑暗来临，爆炸撼动地球，但不能动摇他上前线的愿望。
例2：夜幕降临，一声爆炸震撼了大地，但没有动摇他赴前线的决心。
例3：夜幕降落时，一声爆炸震动了大地，可并没有动摇他上前线的决心。
8.She is very busy at home. She has to take care of the children and do the kitchen work.
例1：她在家很忙，又要照顾孩子，又要做饭。
例2：她在家里又要照顾小孩又要做饭，简直忙得不可开交。
例3：她在家很忙，又要看孩子，又要下厨。
9.The door was unlocked. She went inside and sat in a stupor. She was near collapse, barely able to move her swollen feet.
例1：门没锁，她走进去，近乎昏迷的坐在那里。她几乎跨了，肿胀的脚也动不了。
例2：门没有上锁，她走了进去，精神恍惚地坐下来，由于几乎不能挪动自己那肿胀的双脚，她几乎要摔倒了。
例3：门没锁上，她走了进去，呆呆地坐了下来，极度的衰弱几乎使她无力挪动她那红肿的双脚。
10.I pulled up a chair and sat down. I sat with my legs wide apart at first. But this struck me as being irreverent and too familiar. So I put my knees together and let my hands rest loosely on them.
例1：我拿了把椅子坐了下来，开始我两腿张开的坐着，但我突然意识到这个姿势既不雅观又太随便，于是我并拢膝盖，双手放在膝盖上坐好。
例2：我拉过一把椅子坐了下来。开始时，我是两脚分开坐的，但又怕显得不庄重和太随便，于是把双膝并拢，再把双手轻轻地放在膝盖上。
例3：我把椅子挪过去坐下，开始两脚分开，但我突然觉得这样显得不尊重，太不拘礼节，便把两膝并拢，把双手随便地放在膝盖上。
Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into Chinese applying the skill of changing the passive mood into the active mood.
6． The invincible defense of Stalingrad is matched by the commanding military leadership of Stalin.
例1：斯大林的军事指挥部可以与斯大林格勒城无形的防御系统相媲美。
例2：斯大林格勒的铁壁防御和斯大林的军事指挥才能密不可分。
例3：在斯大林格勒，不但有坚不可摧的防线，还有斯大林英明的军事领导。
7.The new factory having been installed, my work there was done, and I returned to give my report to the headquarters.
例1：新工厂建好后，我在那儿的工作就完成了，于是回到总部写报告。
例2：新工厂业已建成，我的工作完成了，于是我返回总部汇报。
例3：新的工厂成立后，我在那的任务就完成了，于是我就回来向总部作汇报。
8.Goodyear, an American, had been trying for years to find a way in which rubber could be made hard, non-sticky, and yet elastic.
例1：美国人古德伊尔经过多年的试验，发现一种可以使橡胶变硬，不粘和具有弹性的方法。
例2：一个名叫古德伊尔的美国人经过多年尝试，试图到一种使橡胶变硬、不粘，又富有弹性的办法。
例3：有一个叫古德伊尔的美国人一直在努力寻一种方法把橡胶做得硬而不粘，但却有弹
性。
9.If bad weather is expected, the forecaster must be able to suggest another airport within the range of the aircraft where the weather will be suitable for landing.
例1：如果可以预测到坏天气，天气预报员必需为飞机提供另一个天气适于降落的机场。
例2：如果天气情况变坏，气象预报人员就必须为原本要降落到这个机场的航班提供一个在它们航程范围内，而且天气情况适合它们降落的机场。
例3：如果预计天气恶劣，天气预报人员必须能够在该飞机航程内提出另一个天气适合着陆的机场。
10.The engineer has a knowledge of mathematical and natural science acquired by study, experience and practice which is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.
例1：工程师必需具备研究工作所要求的数学和自然科学知识，工作经验和实践知识，它们有助于为人类经济利用原料和自然力量出方法。
例2：工程师有一系列的知识，包括从学习中学到的数学和自然科学，用于判断设计是否经
济可行的实践经验，还有如何使材料和自然力量造福人类的办法。
例3：工程师通过学习、经验和实践获得数学和自然科学的知识，并有鉴别地运用这些知识研究出一些途径来经济地使用自然界的材料和自然力，为人类造福。
Exercise 3: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
What is leadership?
例1：何谓领导才能？
例2：什么是领导？
Its qualities are difficult to define. But they are not so difficult to identify.
例1：要给它的特点要素下精确定义很难，但要把这些要素指认出来则并不难。
例2：领导应具备什么品质，这很难精确地解释，但辨认指陈却不难。
Leaders don't force other people to go along with them. They bring them along.
例1：领导者是引领，而非强迫别人跟他们走。
例2：领导者不强制别人与自己协调一致，而是帮助他们跟上。
Leaders get commitment from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that encourages creativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness.
例1：领导者既要别人承诺，但也要亲身向别人做出承诺；既要别人承诺，但又要亲身营造一个鼓励创新的氛围；既要别人承诺，但又要亲身维持诚信和公平。
例2：领导者让别人承担义务，首先自己承担义务，营造一种鼓励创造的氛围，待人诚恳，处事公正。
Leaders demand much of others, but also give much of themselves.
例1：领导者对别人有诸多要求，但自身也要付出很多。
例2：领导对人要求很多，同时予人也很多。
They are ambitious—not only for themselves but also for those who work with them. They seek to attract, retain and develop other people to their full abilities.
例1：他们对自己和下属都是雄心万丈，想方设法吸引人才，留住人才，让他们尽展所长。
例2：他们雄心勃勃—不仅为自己，也为和他们一道工作的人。他们设法吸引人才，留住他们，使他们充分发挥才能。
Good leaders are not “long rangers.”
例1：优秀的领导者并不是“长跑选手”。
例2：好的领导者不是“孤胆骑警”。
They recognize that an organization’s strategies for success require the combined talents and efforts of many people. Leadership is the catalyst for transforming those talents into results.
例1：他认识到一个机构的成败，在战略上看，是许多人才能和精力的结合，而领导才能，
充其量就是将这些才能转化为成果的催化剂。
例less is more是谁提出的2：他们认识到一个组织要获得成功，其方针在于团结众人的才能和力量。领导艺术是一种催化剂，把众人的才智转化成业绩。
Exercise 4: Translate the following passage into Chinese.
On journalism
例1：论新闻业
例2：论报纸
A newspaper is much more than a business; it is an institution. It reflects and influences the life of a community; it may affect even wider destinies.
例1：办报纸不仅仅是一门生意，还是一种公共事业。一份报纸不但反映着它所在社区的生活，也影响着这个社区的生活。它的影响力或许还不止如此。
例2：报纸远非企业可比；报纸是文化机构，它反映并影响一个社会的生活；还可能影响更大范围决定命运的事态。
It is, in its way, an instrument of government. It plays on the minds and consciences of men. It may educate, stimulate, assist, or it may do the opposite. It has, therefore, a moral as well as a material existence, and its character and influence are in the main determined by the balance of these two forces. It may make profit or power its first object, or it may conceive itself as fulfilling a higher and more exacting function.
例1：就功能而言，报纸是一种政府工具，因为它影响着人们的思想，左右着人们的是非观。它一方面可以被当作教育、激励、援助的工具，但也可以恰得其反。因此通过前者，办报纸可以谋取利润，获得社会影响力，另一方面，新闻工作者会觉察到报纸还在履行一种要求更高、更苛刻的社会职能。新闻业对于社会既是一种精神存在，也是一种物质存在，其风格和影响力主要由这两种力量如何平衡来决定。

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