SQLServer性能优化之——T-SQLNOTIN和NOTExists
这次介绍⼀下T-SQL中“Not IN” 和“Not Exists”的优化。
Not IN 和 Not Exists 命令 :
有些情况下,需要select/update/delete 操作孤⽴数据。孤⽴数据:不存在主表中⽽存在其关联表中。
操作这样的数据,⼀般第⼀反应是利⽤“Not in” 或 “Not Exists”命令。使⽤Not IN会严重影响性能,因为这个命令会逐⼀检查每个记录,就会造成资源紧张,尤其是当对⼤数据进⾏更新和删除操作时,可能导致资源被这些操作锁住。
选择NOT IN 还是 NOT Exists
现在SQL Server 中有两个命令可以使⽤⼤数据的插⼊、更新、删除操作,性能⽅⾯⽐NOT IN有很⼤的提⾼,语法简单⽐NOT Exists好很多,写出来的语句看上去很清爽。现在就请它们闪亮登场,Merge 和 Except。
例⼦:
⾸先创建两个表
use[MyTest]
create table Test1 ([id]int, [name]varchar(20))
create table Test2 ([id]int, [name]varchar(20), [address]varchar(100))
declare@RowC int
declare@Name varchar(20)
set@RowC=0
while@RowC<400000
Begin
set@Name='TestName'+CAST(@RowC as varchar(10))
insert into Test1(id, name) values(@RowC, @Name)
set@RowC=@RowC+1
end
declare@RowC int
declare@Name varchar(20)
declare@Address varchar(100)
set@RowC=0
while@RowC<500000
Begin
set@Name='TestName'+CAST(@RowC as varchar(10))
delete inset@Address='TestAddress'+CAST(@RowC as varchar(10))
insert into Test2([id], [name], [address]) values(@RowC, @Name, @Address)
set@RowC=@RowC+1
end
SELECT[name]FROM Test2 where[name]not in (select[name]from Test1)
UPDATE Test2 SET[name]=N'New_Name'where[name]not in (select[name]from Test1)
DELETE Test2 FROM Test2 where[name]not in (select[name]from Test1)
merge Test2 T using (select name from Test2 except select name from Test1 )S on t.name=s.name
when matched then update SET name=N'New_Name' ;
merge Test2 T using (select name from Test2 except select name from Test1 )S on t.name=s.name
when matched then delete ;
SELECT*FROM Test2 S where not exists (select1from Test2 inner join Test1 on Test2.name=Test1.name and Test2.name=s.name)
注意,上⾯还是有⼀部分使⽤了Not Exists:
SELECT name FROM Test2 S where not exists (select1from Test2 inner join Test1 on Test2.name=Test1.name and Test2.name=s.name)
现在需要使⽤简洁的Except:
select name from Test1 except select name from Test2
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