2021.1.8浙江首考真题七选五、语法填空阅读文本与原文对比
真题：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot.   31 
It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.   32   Any small interruption—a price check, a chatty customer—can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think a
bout the probability:   33   So it’s not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register.   34   This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
  35   It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can’t afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A. Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B. So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?
C. Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
七选五原文
What's Up With That: Why You Always Seem to Choose the Slowest Line
You run into the grocery store to quickly pick up one ingredient. You grab what you need and head to the front of the store. After quickly sizing up the check-out lines, you choose the one that looks fastest.
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You faster怎么读?get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
改写：pick up one ingredient改为 pick up one bottle of water； grab改为get
Chinese shoppers queue  at a supermarket in Hefei east China Anhui province  in 2010.
You chose wrong. People you could swear got in other lines long after you chose yours are already checked out and headed to the parking lot. Why does this seem to always happen to you? What kind of a cruel universe would allow such a thing to happen? It's not fair!
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot.   31 
改写： checked out and headed to the parking lot.改为checked out and off to the parking lot.
Well, as it turns out, it's just math that is working against you.
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When you’re selecting among several lines at the grocery store, the odds are not in your favor. Chances are, the other line really is faster. Mathematicians who study the behavior of
lines are called queueing theorists, and they’ve got the numbers to prove this. Their models also underlie a diverse set of modern problems, including traffic engineering, factory design, and internet infrastructure. At the same time, queueing theory provides a fairer way to checkout at the store. The only problem is that many customers don’t like it.
It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Before we get into that, we need to start at a somewhat unexpected place: the Copenhagen telephone exchange. In the early 1900s a young engineer named Agner Krarup Erlang was trying to figure out the optimal number of phone lines for the city’s switchboard. This is back in the day when operators were actual physical human beings and they connected telephone calls by plugging a jack into a circuit.
To save on labor and infrastructure, Erlang wanted to know the minimum number of lines that would be necessary to make sure that pretty much everyone’s calls could get connected. For a really cheap switchboard, you could have just one line. But then making a call would be a horrendous ordeal for customers, who would have to wait behind anyone el
se trying to talk at the same time. And having a line for each of the city’s thousands of telephones also doesn’t make practical sense.

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