2020中考英语时文阅读(新型冠状肺炎)
Science can help us win
科学能帮助我们赢得胜利
It’s not just doctors, but also scientists who are working to study the virus from scratch (从头开始).
Chinese scientists have reacted (反应) quickly to deal with the novel coronavirus. On Jan 11 – 12 days after getting a sample (样本) from an infected patient – scientists in Wuhan released the genetic sequence (基因序列) of the novel coronavirus, the key to understanding the virus. They shared this data with scientists around the world.
Around Jan 14, several companies created nucleic acid test kits (核酸检测盒) to help identify (识别) suspected (疑似的) infections. The Kehua Biochemical Company made the first kits. The kits take 1.5 to 3 hours to provide results from samples taken from patients. Now 10 companies are making 1.7 million testing kits every day, according to the National Medical Products Administration.
Scientists are still looking for new medications and treatments. They have found that plasma (血浆) from recovered (康复的) patients has antibodies (抗体) that can stop the virus. As of Feb 28, 91 patients had seen improvements in their symptoms (症状) thanks to plasma from recovered patients, according to the National Health Commission.
Some kinds of traditional Chinese medicine are being used to treat patients, while five drugs are in clinical trials (临床试验), or human testing.
However, the best way to end the epidemic is through vaccination (接种疫苗). Vaccines can stimulate (激活) the immune system (免疫系统) and fight the disease. But it can take as many as 5 to 10 years to develop a vaccine. Scientists have to test new vaccines on animals and then on humans.
Chinese scientists have isolated (分离) strains (株) of the virus, the basic (基础的) ingredient to make vaccines. Potential (有潜力的) vaccines are set to begin clinical trials as early as late April or May, according to the National Health Commission. With the shared virus data, scientists in other countries are also working on it. US company Moderna Therapeutics started human trials of a potential vaccine on Feb 24.
Supercomputers help study
Supercomputers can run calculations (计算) faster than ordinary ones. China’s fastest supercomputer has a processing speed of 93.0 petaflops (千万亿次) per second. Scientists are now using supercomputers to look for possible drugs. They make programs and let them run on the supercomputers to find possible drugs. The computers can also analyze (分析) the genetic data of the virus and help scientists develop vaccines. Companies like Tencent have opened up their supercomputers to scientists who are studying the virus. It is hoped that this will allow scientists to develop a vaccine more quickly.
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