Shipping、Trading and Chartering and Terms  Definitions
                国际贸易、航运和租船条款解说
                            C-D
C
Cabotage                  Water transportation term applicable to shipments
between ports of a nation; commonly refers to
coast-wise or inter-coastal navigation or trade. Many nations, including the United States, have cabotage laws which require national flag vessels to provide domestic interport service.(Another expression: Transport of goods between two ports or places located in the same country.)
                              近海航行/运(权)，沿岸航行/运(权)， 国内交通运输权”
                              适用于国内港口之间水上运输术语；一般指沿海航线或两岸间航行或贸易。很多国家，包括美国，有国内交通运输法，要求悬挂国旗的船舶提供内贸（运输）服务。（在国内港口或地方之间的货物运输）
CAConf                      Cargo Agency Conference
货运代理公会－国际航空运输协会
Cancelling                  Latest date by which vessel is to arrive at a loading port  船舶必须到达装货港口的最后日期
Capsize (vessel)            Vessel too large to fit through the Suez (or Panama ) Canal  好望角/海湾型船舶float up,无法通过苏伊士运河的船舶 (注:15万吨以上级)
Captain’s Protest            A document prepared by the captain of a vessel on arriving at port; shows conditions encountered
during voyage, generally for the purpose of
relieving ship owner of any loss to cargo and
shifting responsibility for reimbursement to the
insurance company.
                              船长海事声明。当船舶到达港口时船长发表的声明，说明
在航程中遭遇的事件。通常是为了免去船东对货物损失的
责任并把赔偿的责任转移给保险公司。 
Car Pooling                  Use of individual carrier/rail equipment through a
central agency for the benefit of carriers and
shippers.
                              联合租用/雇用的运输工具，为了承运人和发货人的利益通过中间代理雇用(第三方的)自有承运工具/铁路设备。
Car Seal                    Metal strip and lead fastener used for locking
freight car or truck doors. Seals are numbered for
record purposes.
                          车封，锁住运货车辆的门的金属锁扣。铅封编号是为便于记录
Cars Knocked Down        Automobile parts and subassemblies manufactured
abroad and transported to a designated assembly plant
汽车拆卸，汽车部件。（汽车零部件出口运输到一个指定的组装工厂）
Carfloat                    A barge equipped with tracks on which up to about
12 railroad cars are moved in harbors or inland
waterways.
                            铁路驳船，一种装有铁轨可以在港口或内陆水道最多装运
12节火车车皮的驳船。                       
Cargo                        Goods transported or to be transported, all goods
carried on a ship covered by a B/L. As per IMO
definition: any goods, wares, merchandise, and
articles of every kind whatsoever carried on a ship,
other than mail, ship’s stores, ship’s spare parts,
ship’s equipment, stowage material, crew’s effects
and passengers’ accompanied baggage.
                            货物，（车/船）货载，已装运或待装运的所有船舶装运的被
提单涵盖的货物。根据国际海事组织的定义：除了邮件、船
上生活库存、备件、船舶设备和材料、船员个人物品和乘客
随身行李外的任何载运于船舶上无论什么种类的货物、器
具、商品和物件
Cargo Manifest              Document which lists all bills of lading particulars of the goods loaded on a vessel, for official and administrative purpose.
                            载货清单，为了（政府）商务和行政管理，列明了装于船
上，各提单项下所有货物细节的文件
Cargo NOS                Cargo Not Otherwise Specified. Usually the rate
entry in a tariff that can apply to commodities not
covered under a specific item or sub item in the
applicable tariff
                            (税则)未列名货物，通常税则上列名货物没有包括，而列在明细项目或子
项目上的货物
Cargo Preference          Cargo reserved by a Nation’s laws for transportation only on vessels registered in that Nation. Typically the cargo is moving due to a direct or indirect support or activity of the Government.
                              特许货物，受政府法律保护只能由本国登记船舶运输的货物。典型的是（由于）直接或间接的支援或政府的行动而运送的货物。   
Cargo Retention Clauses    Introduced by Charterers based on shortage of delivered cargo because of increased oil prices
                          货物留置条款，因油价上涨，承租人采取少卸（交）货物来补
偿因油价上涨给船东造成的损失的条款。（油轮租船条款）
Cargo Tonnage              Most ocean freight is billed on the basis of weight or measurement tons (W/M). Weight tons can be expressed in short tons of 2000 pounds, long tons of 2240
or metric tons of 1000 kilos(2204.62 pounds.) Measurement tons are usually expressed as cargo measurement of 40 feet(1.12 meters) or cubic meters (35.3 cubic feet).
                            （货物）运费吨，大部分的海运费是基于重吨或尺码吨（M/W）计算的。重（量）吨可以用短吨、长吨或公吨表示。尺码吨通常是用货物的立方米（1.12立方米为一尺码吨＝35. 3立方英尺）体积表示
Carload Rate                A rate applicable to a carload of goods.

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