第2讲 不可数名词
名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念的词。它有可数名词和不可数名词之分。可数名词有单复数之分。如:a bag, two bags。而不可数名词,顾名思义,通常没有复数形式,不能在词尾加s或es变复数。我们学过的不可数名词有哪些呢?一起来搜索一下吧!
有:ice, rain, snow, wind, bread, meat, juice, sugar, food, rice, water, coffee, tea, milk, jam, chocolate, fruit, paper, hair 等,这些物质名词都是不可数名词。还有像 work (工作), help (帮助), love (爱), hope (希望), weather (天气) 等抽象名词也是不可数名词。
在使用不可数名词时,要注意以下几点:
1.不可数名词前面不能直接加a / an。如:
I like to skate on an ice.( × )
I like to skate on the ice. ( √ )我喜欢在冰上溜滑。
不可数名词如果要表示一定的数量,可以借助单位词。如:
a cube of ice 一方块冰 three cups of tea三杯茶
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭a bar of chocolate 一大块巧克力
2.不可数名词的词尾不能加s或es变复数。
3.some, any, no, a little, much, a lot of等词往往可以加在不可数名词的前面,修饰不可数名词。如:
1) I don’t want any help. 我不需要任何帮助。
2) There’s some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。
把下面的句子都翻译对了吗?如果有错,请为其改正。
1. 请给我一些果汁。
( ) Give me some juices, please.
2. 我喜欢坐在阳光下。
( ) I like to sit in a sun.
3. 桌子上有两碗米饭。
( ) There are two rices on the table.
4. 他们喜欢在风中玩耍。
( ) They like to play in the wind.
bread面包 beer啤酒
cloth布 coffee咖啡
cream奶油 dust尘土
gin杜松子酒 glass玻璃
gold黄金 ice冰
jam果酱 oil油
paper纸 sand沙
soap肥皂 stone石头
tea茶 water水
wine葡萄酒 wood木头
advice忠告／主意 beauty美丽,漂亮
courage勇气 death死亡
experience经验 fear担心
help帮助 hope希望
horror恐惧 information消息／信息
knowledge知识 mercy仁慈
pity同情 relief救济
suspicion猜疑 work工作
baggage行李 camping露营
damage损害 furniture家具
luggage 行李 parking停车
shopping购物 weather气候
a bit of news一件消息
a cake of soap一块肥皂
a drop of oil一滴油
a grain of sand一粒沙子
a pane of glass一块玻璃
a piece of advice一条忠告
a pot of jam一罐果酱
a sheet of paper一页纸
记住这十个词,人称雷打不动的十大金刚：
advice,news,information, progress,work.fun,weather,music,health,luck。
在使用这些词时,不管其前面有多少修饰语,其前一定不要用不定冠词a或an。
二、名词所有格的构成法
1. 主要是在词尾加’ s 构成。如:
This is Tom’s desk. 这是汤姆的书桌。
That is Mike’s book. 那是迈克的书。
2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个’ . 如:
the teachers’ reading room 教师阅览室
the pupils’ pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒
3. 如果原词是复数形式,但不是以s 结尾, 变为所有格形式需在后面加上’ s 。如：
the children’s palace 少年宫
men’s room 男厕所
*名词所有格口诀：
名词所有格,s前面加一撇’,复数s放在尾,后加一撇就完结,两人共有算一个,后面只加一个撇。
1、 不可数名词的数的变化
2、 pane名词所有格的学习及应用
3、 可数不可数名词的对比学习
1. ____________ are sold in this bookstore.
A. Children’s books B. Children books
解析：孩子们的书翻译为A
2. Some friends of _________ will come here.
A. John’s B. John
解析;John的朋友为A
3. Can you give me ______________?
A. some papers B. a piece of paper
解析：纸为不可数名词不可以加s,故答案选择B
4. The blouse is made of ________.
A. a wool B. these wood C. wools D. wool
解析：羊毛为不可数名词不可以加s也不可以用a和these ,故答案为D
5. There are three ______ and seven ______ in the picture.
A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps
解析：羊的复数是特殊变形单复同形,牛的复数是cows,故答案选择B
6. June 1 is _______.
A. children’s day B. children’s Day C. Children’s Day D. Children’s day
解析：节日是专有名词第一个字母大写,孩子们的后边用‘s。故答案选择c
A部分
汉译英
1．Tom的足球 _________________ 2. 老师们的自行车_________________
3．学生们的课桌 _________________ 4.哥哥的文具盒_________________
5．姑姑的卡片 _________________ 6.猴子们的香蕉_________________
7．蚂蚁们的早餐 _________________ 8.妈妈的包_________________
9．的连衣裙_________________ 10女孩们的苹果_________________
B部分
选择填空：
1. I want to buy ________.
A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink
C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks
2. They don’t have to do _______ today.
A. much homework B. many homeworks
C. many homework D. much homeworks
3. ______ room is next to their parents’.
A. Kate’s and Joan’s B. Kate’s and Joan
C. Kate and Joan’s D. Kate and Joan
4. Miss Green is a friend of _______.
A. Mary’s mother’s B. Mary’s mother
C. Mary mother’s D. mother’s of Mary
5. Tom is ______. He will come to see me.
A. my a friend B. a friend
C. mine friend D. a friend of mine
6. Sheep _______ white and milk _______ also white.
A. is, are B. are, is
C. is, is D. are, are
7. I’d like to have a glass of milk and _______.
A. two breads B. two pieces of breads
C. Two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread
8. He bought _______.
A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes
C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe
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