城市介绍：北京
城市特点
Beijing is an ancient city with a long history. The long history leaves Beijing precious cultural treasure. Winding for several kilometers in Beijing area, the Great Wall is the only man-made structure that could been seen in the space. The Summer Palace is a classic composition of ancient royal gardens, and the Forbidden City is the largest royal palaces in the world. Tiantan is where the emperor used to fete their ancestors, and also the soul of Chinese ancient constructions. The four sites above has been confirmed world cultural heritage by UNESCO. However, the best representatives for Beijing are the vanishing Hutongs and square courtyards. Through hundreds of years, they have become symbol of Beijing's life. Tian'anmen square being still brilliant today with cloverleaf junctions and skyscrapers everywhere, the old-timey scene and modern culture are combined to present a brand new visage of Beijing.
北京是一个古老的城市,有悠久的历史。离开北京悠久的历史珍贵的文化财富。蜿蜒在北京地
区有好几公里的长城。颐和园是一个经典的古代皇家园林,故宫是世界上规模最大的皇家宫殿里。天坛是皇帝用来祭拜他们祖先的灵魂,也是中国古代建筑。以上四个已经证实列为世界文化遗产。但是,最好的代表为北京的胡同和四合院。经过几百年的时间里,他们已经成为北京的生活的象征。在天安门广场上依然灿烂的今天与苜蓿叶型交叉口和摩天大楼各处,和现代文化相结合,呈现出崭新的面貌的北京。
地理位置
Natural Geography: Beijing is located in the northern part of the North China Plain and its terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Major rivers flowing through the city include Yongding River, Chaobai River, Beiyun Canal and Juma River. With a typical continental warm temperate zone monsoon climate, Beijing has four distinct seasons. The average annual temperature at Beijing is around 12 degrees Centigrade while the average annual precipitation is 626 mm. Beijing is rich in mineral resources including coal, iron,copper, limestone and marble as well as relatively rich in the terrestrial heat resource.
自然地理:北京坐落在北部地区,华北平原、它的地形是高的,在一个较低的地区,一个是西北,东
南地区。主要河流流经这座城市包括永定河、潮白河、北运河和爱丽河。与一典型大陆暖温带季风气候,北京拥有四季分明。在北京的年平均温度约12摄氏度而平均年降水量是626毫米。北京是丰富的矿产资源,包括煤、铁、铜、石灰石、大理石以及相对丰富的地热资源。
文化特
四合院
Foreign visitors often think siheyuan is bungalow, actually it is not bungalow. It is traditional graceful chinese building. A standard Siheyuan usually consists of houses on its four sides, and the house which stands at the north end and faces athe south is called the main house or north house. The ones on both sides are called side houses, and the one shich stands at the south end and faces north is called oopposite house or south house.
The Siheyuan ‘s gate is usually at the southeastern corner according to the traditional concepts of the five elements that were believed to compose the universe, and the eight diagrams of divination. Normally there is a screen-wall inside the gate so that outsiders can
not see directly into the courtyard and it is also believed to protect the house from evil spirits. Outside the gate of some large siheyuan, there is a pair of stone lions on each side. Such a residence offers space, comfort and quiet privacy. It is also good for security as well as protection against dust and storms.
The gates are usually painted vermilion and have large copper door rings. Usually a whole family lives in one compound. The elder generation lives in the main house, the younger generation live in the side houses, and the south house is usually their sitting room or study.外国游客经常认为四合院是平房,实际上它不是平房。这是传统的优雅的中国建筑。一个标准的四合院通常是由在它的四周的房屋,并且房子坐落在北边尽头,面临着雅典南部被称为主要房子或北屋。在双方的被称为侧的住宅,一个厂商的南端,站在oopposite朝北的房子去,或者叫做南的房子。
' s门的四合院,在东南部角落通常是按照传统观念中,五种元素被认为构成宇宙,和八卦的预言一样。里面有一个screen-wall通常大门,以便外人无法直接观察到这个院子里,它也被认为可以保护我们的房子被恶鬼附著的。在门外的一些大型四合院,有一对石狮子,每一边的。这样的一个住宅提供空间,舒适、平静的隐私。它也有利于安全以及保护,防止灰尘和风暴。
盖茨通常粉刷成楼房是丹油漆门和有大的铜环。通常一个完整的家庭住在一个化合物。年长的一代就住在主要房间里,年轻的一代生活在身边的住宅,南的房子通常是他们的客厅或书房。
风景名胜
长城 the Great Wall
故宫(紫禁城) the Palace Museum( the Forbidden City)
人民大会堂 Great Hall of the People
颐和园 the Summer Palace
香山 the Fragrant Hill
天安门广场 Tian An Men Square
人民英雄纪念碑 Monument to the People’s heroes
纪念堂 the Memorial Hall to Chairman Mao
天坛 the Temple of Heaven
北海公园Beihai Park
亚运村 Asian Games Village
首都机场 the Capital Airport
民族文化馆 the Nationalities Cultural Palace
北京动物园 Beijing Zoo
首都体育馆 the Capital Gymnasium
中国人民历史博物馆 Museum of Chinese History and the Chinese Revolution
中国人民革命军事博物馆 Military Museum of the Chinese People’s Revolution
农业展览馆 the Agriculture Exhibition Hall
中国美术馆 the Chinese Art Gallery
雍和宫 the Yonghegong Lama Buddhist Temple
十三陵 the Ming Tombs
The Great Wall at Badaling八达岭长城
The Great Wall was the greatest manmade military defense structure in ancient China. Its construction started during Ancient Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring Stated Period (770-221 B.C.) At that time, walls were built by some warring states to protect their own territories. In 221 B.C., Qin Shihuang, who became the first emperor of a unified China, linked the separate walls into a ¡°ten-thousand-li wall¡± to defend against invaders from the North. From then on, the Great Wall was continuously extended and repaired by following dynasties. Most of wall has deteriorated badly; at present, the best preserved is the wall built in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)).include中文

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