持续工艺确认怎么做?——方法,和其与产品年度回顾的区别
持续工艺确认(CPV,Continuous Process Verification)概念最早见于ICH Q8,连同生命周期、QBD(质量源于设计,重点词汇:设计空间)概念一并提出。后在FDA制药工艺行业指南2011年版作了进一步的要求。现欧盟GMP附录15《确认与验证》及中国GMP附件《确认与验证》已对它作出了一些要求。但是具体的如何实施并未给出。目前整个行业内大部分制药企业也在摸索和观望阶段。本文介绍了持续工艺确认(CPV,Continuous Process Verification)的基本方法,以及它与产品年度回顾的区别。供大家参考。
CPV的方法
CPV can usein-line,on-line or at-linemonitoring or controls to evaluate processperformance. These are based on product and process knowledge andunderstanding. Monitoring can also be combined with feedback loops to adjustthe process to maintain output quality. This capability also provides theadvantage of enhanced assurance of intra-batch uniformity, fundamental to theobjectives of process validation. Some process measurements and controls insupport of real-time release testing (RTRT) can also play a role in CPV.
CPV可以使用在位,在线或近线监测和控制来评价工艺性能。这些都是基于产品和工艺的知识和理解。监测也可结合反馈调整工艺来保持输出质量。此功能也为保证批内一致性提供了优势,对实现工艺验证的目标尤为重要。一些用于支持实时放行测试(RTRT)的过程测试和控制程序也可以在CPV发挥作用。
CPV can enhance the evaluation of the manufacturing process when it
providessubstantially more information on process variability and control.
当CPV对工艺的变异和控制提供了充分的信息后能提高制造过程的评价。
Some advantages of CPV:
CPV的一些优点:
· Replaces the emphasis on the first few commercial-scalevalidation
batches with enhanced assurance of product quality in many, or evenall, batches;
·
CPV重在保证很多批次甚至所有批次产品(生命周期内)质量而不是强调最开始的几批商业规模验证批(传统工艺验证)。
Provides the foundation for a robust processperformance and product quality
monitoring system, increasing product andprocess knowledge and facilitation of continual improvement opportunities forprocess and product quality;
·提供了一个强大的工艺性能和产品质量监控体系的基础,提高产品和工艺的知识和促进对工艺和产品质量的持续改进的机会;
· Enables earlier detection of manufacturing-relatedproblems and trends;
·使能够提前预测生产相关的问题及趋势;
·Provides immediate feedback of the effect of a change,thereby facilitating the
management of changes;
·提供一个对变更效果的及时反馈,从而促进变更管理;
·Provides a higher assurance of an ongoing state ofcontrol, as more data from
CPV provide higher statistical confidence forongoing monitoring and trending;
·随着更多的从CPV获得的数据为持续监控和趋势提供更高的统计置信度,它保证一个持续的控制状态,;
· Is particularly suited to the evaluation of continuousmanufacturing processes; and
·特别适合于连续生产过程的评价;及
·Contributes to the verification of the design space, if used, throughout the productlifecycle.
·有助于在整个产品生命周期内对设计空间(如果使用)的确认。
CPVversusAPR, What’stheDifference?
CPV和APR,有何不同?
validation verificationAsanoutcomeofthe 2011 FoodandDrugAdministrationProcessValidationGuidance, therehas
beeneverincreasinginterestinthepharmaceuticalindustrytoestablishformalContinuedProcessVerification (CPV) programsformanufacturingprocesses. Thereis, however, muchconfusionoverthedifferencesbetweenCPVandtheAnnualProductReview (APR) process.
2011年FDA工艺验证指南发布后,医药行业制造过程建立正式的持续工艺确认(CPV)程序越来越受到重视。然而,在CPV和产品年度回顾(APR)之间有很大的混淆(APR)。
MostpharmaceuticalcompaniesalreadydosomeformoftrendingaspartoftheirAPRprocess. Ioftengetthequestion, “WealreadyhaveAnnualProductReviewinplace, whyshouldwegotothetroubleofimplementingaCPVprogram?” AnnualProductReviewsarejustthat – annual. ACPVprogramallowsreactingtotrendsastheyoccurinreal-time. Detectingandcorrectingunwantedtrendsorshiftsreal-timepromotescontroloftheprocess, reduceswasteandmaximizesproductquality. Allowingasmuchasayeartogobybeforedetectingandcorrectingtrendsandshiftscanresultincostlyrecallsandregulatoryaction.
大多数制药公司已经做了一些形式的趋势分析作为其APR的一部分。我经常遇到这样的问题,“我们已经制定了年度产品回顾,我们为什么要费力去实施CPV呢?“年度产品回顾只是每年进行的。CPV则允许对趋势作出反应,因为它们是实时进行的。通过实时检测和纠正不必要的趋势或变化来促进过程控制,减少浪费,提高产品质量。允许生产一年后才去检测和纠正趋势和变化可能导致代价高昂的召回和法规制约。
APRprogramstypicallyincludesomeformofdatatrending, butthistrendingisusuallyhighlysummarizedandconsistsofmerelyplottingprocessdataonarunchartwithspecificationlimits. CPV, ontheotherhand, ismuchmoreinvolved. Inadditiontomonitoringprocessesrealtimeornearlyso, CPVmonitoringalsoincludestheuseofcontrolchartswithcalculatedcontrollimitstosignalwhenaprocessmaybegoingoutofcontrol. Unlikeruncharts, controlchartsutilizestatisticalprocesscontrolconceptstodeterminewhenobservedvariationinaprocessexceedswhatwouldbeexpectedforastableprocess; thatis, aprocessthatisinastateofstatisticalcontrol.
APR程序通常包括某种形式的数据的趋势分析,但这种趋势通常是高度概括的,仅仅只是在
运行图上绘制过程数据与规格界限。CPV则涉及更多。除了实时或近乎实时地监测过程,CPV监测还包括使用带有计算控制限的控制图来识别工艺工艺是否失控的信号。不同于运行图,控制图利用统计过程控制的理念来确定过程中观察到的变化超过被认为稳定的过程;也就是说,这一过程处于统计控制状态。
CPValsoservesasavaluableinputtotheAPRprocess. Becausedatacollectionandanalysisofproductiondataisdoneonanongoingbasis, thereisnoneedtoscrambleattheendoftheAPRreportingcycletocollectandanalyzedata. ProductdatacanbesourceddirectlyfromtheCPVdatabaseandsummarizedasneededforinclusionintheAPRreport.
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