英国文学启蒙时期
Part 5: The Age of Enlightenment in England
I.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word:
1.The________ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the
18th century.
2.There appear two groups of English enlighteners, one is the Moderate Group, and the
other is __________.
3.The main literary stream of the 18th century was ___________. What the writers
described were mainly social realities.
4.__________ writing made a big advance in the 18th century. The main characters in the
novels were no longer kings and nobles but the common people.
5.Generally speaking, English literature of the 18th century may be divided into three
periods. The first was characterized by the neo-classicism, of which ________ was the representative poet.
6.________ is un doubtedly the greatest poet Scotland has ever produced. His “Poet
Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect” is of great significance.
7.________ was the most remarkable satirist in the 18th century who criticized the new
bourgeois-aristocratic society of his age without mercy.
8.________ found its representative writers in the field of poetry, such as Edward Y oung
and Thomas Gray, but it manifested itself chiefly in the novels of Laurence Sterne and Oliver Goldsmith.
9.In the 18th century, __________ found its expression chiefly in poetry. The most
important representative poets are William Blake and Robert Burns.
10.The enlighteners believed that reason should be the only basis of one’s thinking and
action. That is why the 18th century in England has been called _________.
11.In writing plays, the neo-classical writers used __________ instead of blank verse. They
observed the three unities of time, place and action.
12.Pope’s “__________” was a comprehensive study of the theories of literary criticism.
13.The literary form of neo-classicism is of the strict symmetry. The prevailing genre of
neo-classical literature is __________ which consists of two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter, and the second line completes the thoughts expressed by the couplet.
14.“__________” is Pope’s poem which indicates the poet’s political and philosophical
view point. It deals with man’s relation to the universe, to s ociety, to himself and to happiness.
15.As a poet, Blake’s fame has been chiefly resting upon two volumes of poems,
“____________” and “The Songs of Experience”.
16.In the middle decades of the 18th century, _____________ became the leader of the
classic school in English poetry and prose.
17.“The Tatler” and “_________” were Steele and Addison’s chief contribution to English
literature.
18.In 1711, Addison collaborated with ___________ to create a literary periodical called
“The Spectator”.
19.Samuel Johnson compiled the “__________” which became the foundation of all the
subsequent English dictionaries.
20.“Lives of the Poets” was one of ___________’s main works, which consists of some of
the best known pictures of early English poets.
21.James Boswell was a member of Johnson's literary club. He has been known for his
biography of Johnson entitled ___________.
22.James Thomson has been regarded as the forerunner of the Romantic Movement. His
chief fame rests upon the poem called “_________”.
23.Today Edward Y oung is chiefly remembered for his major work “___________”, which
is a didactic poem of about ten thousand lines of blank verse in nine books.
24.Thomas Gray’s high-prais ed poem “___________” shows the poets sympathy for th poor
and bring sufferings to the common people.
25.___________ wrote some patriotic poems, in which he expressed his deep love for his
motherland, such as “My Heart’s in the Highlands”.steele
26.The 18th century produced the first English novelists, who fall into two groups, one being
the Sentimental Novelists and the other the ____________ Novelists.
27.Daniel Defoe’s masterpiece is “___________”
28.Jonathan Swift’s masterpiece is “___________”.
29.In the first part of “Robinson Crusoe”, the hero saved a savage and named him ______.
30.In the first part of “Gulliver’s Travels, the hero Gulliver is cast upon the shore of the
island of _________.
31.Henry Fielding’s masterpiece is ___________.
32.____________ ranks among the greatest satirists of England, and of the world. “A
Modest Proposal is one of his satirical works.

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