英语同音异义词的总结
英语的词汇比汉语大得多，而英语中的同音词要比汉语少得多，这是一个值得研究的课题。本文想仅就造成同音词的原因做一下抛砖引玉式的分析，以期引起人们对这一“被遗忘的角落”的关注。
  一、专有名词与普通单词发音相同。
  这些专有名词在汉语中有相应的音译词语，已经为国人所熟悉，学起来读易好记，轻松有趣。写在横线前面的系专有名词，后面的为普通单词。
  Korea—career, Gaul(高卢人)—gall, Chile—chilli—chili–chilly, Greece—grease, Dane—deign, Finnish—finish, Bonn—bonne, Bern—burn, Cannes—can, Nice—niece, Seoul—soul—sole, Rome—roam, Bali—barley, Wales—whales—wails, Gana—garner, Kashmir—cashmere, Latin—lattin, Hyde—hide—hied, Maine—main—mane, Venus—venous, Klan—clan, Martin—marten, Oder—oder, Seine—sane—sain, Kant—cant
　　二、缩略词与普通名词发音相同。
  I’d—eyed, I’ll—isle—aisle, aren’t—ant—aunt, he’ll—heel—heal, we’ll—wheel—wheal—weal, we’re—weir, we’d—weed, where’s—wares, he’d—heed, Miss.—miss, AIDS—aids
  三、名词的复数形式或动词的单数第三人称与普通单词发音相同。
  Locks—lox, laps—lapse, nays—neighs—naze, haves—hose, ewes—use, brows—browse, corps—cause, cocks—cox, days—daze, claws—clause, flecks, mews—muse, paws—pause, rays—raise—rase –raze, rows—rouse, tacks—tax, ova—over, feet—feat, wacks—wax, arms—alms
　　四、动词的过去式或过去分词与普通单词发音相同。
  这些动词的过去式有：
  Blew—blue, flew—flu, gilt—guilt, knew—new, saw—sore—soar, threw—through, wore—war, wrote—rote, rode—road, were—whir.
  这些动词的过去分词有：
  Seen—scene, grown—groan, done—dun, thrown—throne, been—bean, born—borne—bourn, sought—sort, caught—court, taught—taut, heard—herd, won—one, sent—cent—scent, led—lead, fought—fort—forte.
　　五、前缀与普通单词发音相同。
  Anti—vs. ante, bi—vs. by—bye—buy, vice—vs. vise
　　六、因相邻字母重复与其它单词发音相同。
  有些是因为词尾的两个字母重复造成的同音词，如
  add—ad, butt—but, bee—be, boss—bos, canvass—canvas, inn—in, nill—nil, wee—we, too—to, frizz—friz, redd—red, mandrill—mandril
  有些是因为单词中间的两个字母重复造成的同音词，如
  dessert—desert, cannon—canon, femme—feme
  七、 “ r ” 音节造成的同音词。
  重读“ r ” 音节造成的同音词。
  Birth—berth, curn—kern—kirn, curb—kerb, firn—fern, surf—serf, surge—serge, mar—ma, spar—spa, farther—father, hart—heart, worn—warn, forth—fourth, for—fore—four—faugh .
  非重读“ r ” 音节造成的同音词。
  alter—altar, seller—cellar, lumber—lumbar, manor—manner, razor—razer, minor--miner, prior—prier, sensor--censor , fakir—faker, sucker—succor, rumor—roomer, hanger—hangar, calendar—calender , trooper--trouper, meter—meter , steeler—stealer, waver—waiver,
  leaver—lever, weever—weaver.
　　八、因不同的字母组合发音相同而构成的同音词。
  1.当字母组合—ea—, —ee—, —ie—读作[ i :]时：
steele
  beat—beet, beach—beech, cheap—cheep, lea—lee, creak—creek, leak—leek, leach—leech, pea—pee, peal—peel, seam—seem, meat—meet—mete, breach—breech, steal—steel, team—teem, flea—flee, weak—week, sea—see, seal—seel—ceil, weald—wield, leaf—lief, lean—lien, mean—mien
  2。当字母组合—a—, —ai—, —ay—, —ea—读作[ei]:
  steak—stake, gate—gait, plait—plate, break—brake,, faint—feint
  3.当母组合—ear—, —eer— , —ere—, —ier—读作[ i ] 时：
  sheer—shear, steer—stere, tear—tier, dear—deer, peer—pier, beer—bier, hear—here
  4.当字母组合—air—, —ear—, —ere—读作 [ ε ]
  pear—pair—pare—pere, tear—tare, fair—fare, mare—mayor, hair—hare, glair—glare, flair—flare
  5.当字母组合 —ou—,—ow—读作 [au]
  foul—fowl, praw—prau, flour—flower
  6.当字母组合—al—, —au—, —aw—, —or—, —oor—读作 [ ：] 时：
  all—awl, ball—bowl, hall—hawl , mall—maul, flaw—floor, chaw—chore, paw—pore—pour, lawn—lorn, laud—lord, pawn—porn, raw—roar, stalk—stolk
  7.当字母组合o—, —oa—, —ow— 读作 [ ou ] 时：
  melo—mellow, lo—low, hollo—hollow, loan—lone, flow—floe, so—sow—sew, brooch--broach
  8.当字母组合—ou—, --oo--, --u-- 读作[ u： ] 时：
  stoop—stoup—stoep, goop—goup, groom—grume
  9.当字母组合 —al— 、—el— 在词尾读作[ l]
  principle—principal, dial—diel, bridal—bridle, naval—navel, dual—duel, mutual—mutuel
  10.当字母组合—o—, —u—读作[ ∧ ]时：
  son—sun, some—sum, sonny—sunny, none—nun
  11.当词尾的—y—和—ie— 发[ i ] 时：
  talky—talkie, girly—girlie, roomy—roomie,
  12.当 ‘y’ 和 ‘i’ 在相对应的位置上时：
  hyp—hip, gybe—gibe,
  13.当字母组合 —ay—, —ey—都发[ei ]时，如：
  pray—prey
  14.当字母‘c’ 在 ‘i, e, y’ 前读 [ s ] , 或 ‘c’ 在其他情况下读 [k ] 时：
  ascent—assent, cereal—serial, practice--practise
  字母‘c’读[k ]时更多些：
  pic—pick, sic—sick, bloc—block, spec—speck, specs—specks, bank—banc, torc—talk, yack—yak, scag—skag, scull—skull, cash—cashe, cast—karst, cart—kart, craft—kraft, colonel—kernel
  15. —a—, —ar—, —er— 在词尾发[ ]音时：
  canna—canner, quota—quoter, tabula—tabular
　　九、因不发音的字母或字母组合造成的同音词。
  1. “a”在词尾不发音：
  cocoa—coco
  2. b” 在以“—mb” 结尾的词中不发音

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