高考英语语法精讲与精练-动词时态与语态
一、动词时态与语态讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式或用适当的单词（1个）填空
I [1]_______ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony [2]______ (work) in a lawyer's office years ago, but he [3]________ (work) at a bank now. He [4]______ (get) a good salary, but he always [5]_______ (borrow) money from his friends and never [6]______ (pay) it back. Tony [7]_____ (see) me and [8]_______ (sit) at the same table. He [9]___ never [10]__________ (borrow) money from me. While he [11]___________ (eat), I asked him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he [12]_____ (give) me the money immediately. 'I have never borrowed any money from you,' Tony said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!'
讲前练小结：1）有关时态的试题要重点关注时间状语、上下文体现的时间关系和句型中的时态问题，2）牢记不规则动词的变化。
Keys:1. was having 2. worked 3. is s 5. borrows 6. pays 7. saw 8.. sat
9. has 10. borrowed 11. was eating 12. gave
二、动词时态与语态考点精讲：
动词时态与语态考点1、主要的时态的形式及含义
考点对练1:用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.【2021·浙江高考卷】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 36（prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
Key:has proved/has proven 句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
2.【2017·江苏卷改编】27. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he __________（follow）.Key: was being followed
3.【2017·北京卷改编】33. People________ (has)better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result. Key:have
4.【2017·北京卷改编】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ___________________ (not invent)yet. Key：hadn’t been invented
5.【2016·北京改编】23. —Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars. We _______________ (wait) here for more than two hours.
Key:have been waiting
6.【2016·北京改编】25. I ________(read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. Key: have read
7.【2016·北京改编】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ______________ (reward) with success in the end. Key:will be rewarded
8.【2015·重庆改编】1. —Is Peter coming?
—No, he_____________ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. Key: changed
动词时态与语态考点2、常考的含时态的句型
1、was /were about to do….when…正要做某事…这时突然…
2、was/were doing….when…. 正在做某事…这时突然…
3、had done….when….. 刚做完某事…这时突然…
4、was/were on the point of doing ….when…. 正要做某事…这时突然…..
5、had hardly done ....did= had no 一......就.....
6、It [This] is the first time＋that-结构中，that-从句通常用现在完成时
EG:It is the second time that I have visited Africa.
7、It [This] is the 最高级+名词＋that-结构中，that-从句通常用现在完成时
EG：This is the most delicious food that I have eaten.
8、plan, hope, intend, want, mean等表示计划、准备、安排等的动词，它们的过去完成时态表示未曾实现的过去愿望。I had planned to attend the lecture, but I forgot it.
9、… ago用于一般过去和过去进行时态 见到by用完成时态。by now现在完成时态 by 2005过去完成时态 by 2050将来完成时态
10、含有时间状语recently，, in the past/last two years,never, for two years, three times(twice), so far=up to now=up to the present现在完成(进行)时态。
考点对练2:用所给动词的适当形式填空或填入适当的词（1个）
1.【2020•浙江高考】By about 6000 BC, people　61　(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
Key：had discovered。考查时态。根据By about 6000 BC可知,此处用过去完成时。
2.【2017·天津卷改编】8. I ________（drive）down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.Key: was driving
3.【2016·北京改编】21. Jack ________ （work）in the lab when the power cut occurred.
Key:was working
4. If it _____________(not rain) tomorrow, the students will go to the movies. Key: doesn’t rain
5.John is always ______________(help) others. Key:helping
6.I ____________(learn) 900 English words by the time I was ten.
steele7.【2015·福建改编】30.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and______________(write) his essay there ever since.
Key: has been writing
8.【2014·全国大纲卷改编】32.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody __________ (see)them since. Key: has seen

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