2022年中考英语真题分项汇编（湖北专用）
专题04  阅读理解（说明文）
一、（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）
Do you know how to take notes? Here are some useful tips.
★Don’t write everything down. Pay more attention to the main points.
★You should write key words or very short sentences.
★You may use your own words, but try not to change the speaker’s meaning.
★Don’t worry about missing something during the speech.
★Don’t take notes on paper that you might easily lose. Keep your notes in a notebook.
★Read your notes often. This will help you remember them later.
1．What should you write when taking notes?
A．Everything you hear.    B．Some key words.    C．Long sentences.    D．Less important points.
2．According to the passage, it might be best to take notes on ________ .
A．pieces of paper    B．the textbook    C．a notebook    D．your desk
3．What should you do if you want to learn from your notes?
A．Read them often.    B．Make them longer.
C．Change the speaker’s meaning.    D．Spend less time on them.【答案】
1．B    2．C    3．A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何做笔记。
somewhere
1．细节理解题。根据“You should write key words or very short sentences.”可知做笔记时你应该写关键词或短句。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Don’t take notes on paper that you might easily lose. Keep your notes in a notebook.”可知不要在纸上做笔记，否则你会很容易丢失。把笔记记在笔记本上。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Read your notes often. This will help you remember them later.”可知要经常阅读笔记，这将帮助你以后记住它们。故选A。
二、（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）
As we can learn from the story in our textbook, guide dogs are the “eyes” of blind people. But how can they be so helpful? The answer is simple. Guide dogs practice to be helpful. As part of the training, guide dogs practice getting to the places their owners will need to go. But before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas. This is because guiding a person safely is more important than just knowing where to go.
Suppose a tree branch（树枝） is lying on the road in front of a blind person and his guide dog. Since the person cannot see the branch, it’s up to the dog to let him know it is there. If the branch is small the dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog will stop the person. Then he knows there is something in the way. He will work with his dog to find a way past the branch.
Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross the road. This is not true. Instead, the dog usually stops its owner when they have reached the end of a road. Then the blind person listens to their situation and considers if it is safe to cross the road. A blind person and his dog always work as a team.
4．About guide dogs, we can know ________ from the first paragraph.
A．blind people can’t afford a guide dog    B．not all dogs can be trained to be helpful
C．dogs are born to be helpful to blind people    D．guide dogs learn to be helpful through training
5．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”.
A．the road    B．the tree branch    C．the blind person    D．the dog
6．If there is a large branch on the road in front of its owner, the guide dog will ________.
A．stop its owner    B．ask someone for help
C．move it with its owner    D．guide its owner around it
7．According to the passage, who will decide if it is safe for a blind person to cross a road?
A．The blind person himself.    B．His guide dog.
C．Both he and his guide dog.    D．A police officer.
【答案】
4．D    5．B    6．A    7．C
【解析】
本文主要讲述了导盲犬是如何帮助盲人的。
4．细节理解题。根据“Guide dogs practice to be helpful.”（导盲犬练习帮助他人）以及“But before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas.”（但在此之前, 导盲犬必须接受许多其他领域的训练）可知，我们可以从第一段知道：导盲犬通过训练学会帮助他人。故选D。
5．词义猜测题。根据“Since the person cannot see the branch, it’s up to the dog to let him know it is there.”可知，此处是指既然这个人看不到树枝，那就由狗来告诉他（树枝）在哪里。所以“it”指的是树枝。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“If the branch is small the dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog will stop the person.”可知，如果在主人面前的路上有一根大树枝，导盲犬会阻止它的主人。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据“Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross the road. This is A blind person and his dog always work as a team.”可推断出，盲人和他的导盲犬将决定盲人过马路是否安全。故选C。
三、（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）
Robots may seem smart, but they cannot even pick up a chess piece. Let’s take a look at some tasks that are easy for kids but not for robots.
Pick things up
Picking things up is not easy. If we drop our pencil on the floor, our brains work hard. First, we must find the pencil. Then we move our hands to it. A robot cannot always move its “hand” to the right place. When we touch the pencil, it might roll（滚动） a little bit. Robots cannot easily understand this either. So, if you drop a pencil on the floor, a robot will probably roll it around the room.

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