2016年11月学位英语真题
Part 1 Reading comprehension (30%)
Passage 1
If the Dakota Access Pipeline(输油管道）is completed, it will carry nearly half a million barrels of oil across four states every day. Energy Transfer Partners (ETP), a Texas-based company behind the $ 3.8 billion project, hopes to finish construction this year. But the Standing ROCK Sioux, an American Indian tribe, is determined to stop the 1,172-mile pipeline from being built. (76) Both sides show no signs of backing down.
The Dakota Access Pipeline was announced in 2014. A section of it will run near the Standing Rock Sioux reservation. A reservation is an area of land set aside for American Indians. The tribe says the construction threatens to destroy historical areas and ancient burial sites. They also say the pipeline could pollute their main water source, the Missouri River. In April, the Standing Rock Sioux began a protest against the project. They camped at
the construction site. Since then, thousands of people, including people from other American Indian tribes, have traveled to the site to protest.
ETP says that the pipeline will have built-in safety measures to protect against oil leaks. Workers will also monitor it remotely, and will be able to close valves(阀门) within three minutes if leaks are detected.
American Indians have been staging a nonviolent protest for months. The protest took a turn last week when police were called to keep the peace between protesters and armed security guards hired by the company.
(77) Twenty-eight people have been arrested since then and charged with interfering with the pipeline construction.
1. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
A. The Dakota Access Pipeline will create more markets for oil and gas.
B. The Dakota Access Pipeline will create many job opportunities.
C. American Indians oppose the construction of an oil pipeline.
D. American Indians fight for equal voting rights.
2. ETP hopes to finish this project in ____________.
A. 2016      B. 2017        C. 2018        D. 2019
3. Why do American Indians protest against the construction of this pipeline?
A. Because it will cost up to $3.8 billion.
B. Because it threatens the regions’ water supply.
C. Because it will make many people lose their jobs.
D. Because it will force many people to leave their homes.strcmp was not declared in
4. According to the passage, the workers can _______ in case of pipeline leaks.
A. report it to the local government
B. ask people to leave the leak affected areas
C. call 911            D. close valves
5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A. This pipeline will cross four states.
B. This pipeline is 1,172 miles long.
C. All the protesters are from the Standing Rock Sioux.
D. Neither side of the dispute is willing to compromise.
Passage 2
    As the National Park Service celebrates its 100th anniversary(周年纪念), President Barrack Obama has announced the establishment of one new national monument, and the expansion(扩大) of another. In Maine, more than 87,500 acres of forest will become govern
ment-protected parkland for the first time. In Hawaii, a national monument created by President George W, Bush in 2006 will expand to about 582,578 square miles, four times its current size.
    Obama has now created or enlarged 26 national monuments during his presidency. As a result, his administration says, Obama has protected more of the nation’s land than any other president has. But some residents and officials, in both Maine and Hawaii, object to the plans. (78) They say their local economies depend on the use of these areas.
    In establishing this monument, Obama took the side of conservationists (自然资源保护者) who want laws to protect wild lands. Creating a national park usually requires the approval of Congress. But a 1906 federal law allows the president to establish national monument on his own.
    The lands’ new status as a monument means that mining and drilling operations are forbidden there. (79) It may also severely limit activities such as logging, road-building, and hunting. Some of Maine’s politicians who want to protect the state’s logging industries say
Obama should not have acted alone. They say Washington should not tell the states how to use their land, especially when people’s jobs are at stake. Maine politician Susan Collins said the president should have listened to Maine lawmakers and residents, as well as the U.S. Congress before making his decision.
    However, those who support the president’s decision say the establishment of the new monument will lead to new jobs through tourism.
6. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Creating new jobs                B. Protecting wild animals

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