英文原文
Casting
Casting is a metal smelting meet certain requirements of the liquid and poured into the mold, solidified by cooling, the whole-are scheduled to be dealt with after the shape, size and performance of the casting process. Casting hair due to the near embryo forming, and machining to avoid or reduce a small amount of the purpose of processing costs and to a certain extent, reduce the time. Casting modern machinery manufacturing industry is the basis of one.
Casting many different types, according to the customary method of modeling is divided into: ① ordinary sand casting, including wet sand, dry sand and chemical hardening Sand three categories. ② special casting, by modeling materials can be divided into natural mineral sand as the main form of special casting material (such as mold, mud-casting, casting workshop shell casting, vacuum casting, it is type casting, ceramic mold casting , etc.) and metal casting for the main special casting material (such as metal-casting, pressure die casti
ng, continuous casting, low-pressure casting, centrifugal casting, etc.) two. Casting Process usually include: pouring① mold (the liquid metal into solid casting containers) prepared by casting materials used can be divided into sand, metal, ceramic, clay, graphite type, and so on, by frequency of use can be divided into one-time type, semi-permanent and permanent-type, and the pros and cons of the mould for casting quality is the impact of the main factors; ② melting and casting metal casting, metal casting (casting alloys) main cast iron, cast steel and non-ferrous foundry alloy castings deal with ③ and testing and treatment, including removal of casting and casting surface core foreign body, with pouring riser, and shovels and grinding burr Prix joints, and other protrusions and heat treatment, surgery, such as anti-rust treatment and rough.
Casting process can be divided into three basic parts, namely casting metal preparation, preparation and casting mold processing. Metal Casting is casting for the production of metal castings casting materials, it is a metal elements as the main component, and joined other metal or non-metallic element composition of the alloy and, as customary casting alloys, the main cast iron , cast steel and non-ferrous alloy casting.
Metal smelting is not just a simple melting, smelting process also included, pouring the metal into the mold, temperature, chemical composition and purity aspects are in line with expectations. Therefore, in the melting process, we need to conduct quality control checks for the purpose of testing liquid metal to the provisions in order to allow indicators after pouring. Sometimes, in order to meet higher demands, after the release of liquid metal in the furnace, to deal with, such as the desulfurization, vacuum degassing, the refining furnace, such as modification or bred. Melting metal commonly used equipment is Cupola, electric arc furnace, induction furnace, resistance heaters, such as reverberatory furnace.
The different methods have different casting mold for content. The application of the most extensive example of sand casting, casting, including modeling material for the preparation and modeling made two core functions. Sand Casting modeling used to create the core of raw materials, such as sand casting, sand binder and other accessories, as well as from the preparation of their sand, the core sand, paint and other materials collectively known as the shape modeling material in accordance with the task of preparing for Casting requirements, the nature of metal, the original choice of suitable sand, binders and accesso
ries, and then by a certain proportion of them into a certain properties of mixed sand and core sand. Mixer equipment is commonly used roller wheel Mixer, and the counter-Mixer leaves trench Mixer. The latter is designed for the hard sand mixed chemical design, continuous mixing, fast.
Modeling made casting process is based on core requirements identified in good shape, ready to form the material basis. Casting accuracy, and the entire production process of economic effects depends largely on this procedure. In many modern foundry workshop, modeling core are made to achieve a mechanized or automated. Sand commonly used modeling core equipment made a high, medium and low pressure molding machine, the machine throwing sand, no me-pressure molding machine, radio batteries, cold and hot-box machines.
Since casting mold pouring out of the cooling, a gate, riser joints and metal burr Prix, the Sand Casting also adhesion of sand casting, it must be clear processes. Such is the work of the equipment throwing machine, gate riser cutting machines. Sand casting is charged s
and liquidation of a poor working conditions processes, in the choice of modeling methods, should be taken into account for loading sand to create convenience for liquidation. Casting for some special requirements, but also the casting post-processing such as heat treatment, plastic surgery, anti-rust treatment, such as roughing.
Casting is more economical method of forming the rough, more complex shape parts demonstrated its economy. If the car's engine block and cylinder head, ship propellers, as well as exquisite works of art,. Cutting some of the difficult parts, such as gas turbine parts of the nickel-based alloy casting methods can not not forming.
In addition, the casting of parts of the size and weight to a wide range of metal species almost unlimited; parts of a general mechanical properties, it is also a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, shock absorption, such as overall performance, other methods such as forging metal forming , rolling, welding, etc.-can do. Therefore, in the machine building industry, casting methods used in the production of rough parts, in terms of quantity and the tonnage is the largest to date.

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