(1)特殊角三角函数值
sin0=0
sin30=0.5
sin45=0.7071 二分之根号2
sin60=0.8660 二分之根号3
sin90=1
cos0=1
cos30=0.866025404 二分之根号3
cos45=0.707106781 二分之根号2
cos60=0.5
cos90=0
tan0=0
tan30=0.577350269 三分之根号3
tan45=1
tan60=1.732050808 根号3
tan90=无
cot0=无
cot30=1.732050808 根号3
cot45=1
cot60=0.577350269 三分之根号3
cot90=0
(2)0°~90°的任意角的三角函数值,查三角函数表。(见下)
(3)锐角三角函数值的变化情况
(i)锐角三角函数值都是正值
(ii)当角度在0°~90°间变化时,
正弦值随着角度的增大(或减小)而增大(或减小)
余弦值随着角度的增大(或减小)而减小(或增大)
正切值随着角度的增大(或减小)而增大(或减小)
余切值随着角度的增大(或减小)而减小(或增大)
(iii)当角度在0°≤α≤90°间变化时,
0≤sinα≤1, 1≥cosα≥0,
当角度在0°<α<90°间变化时,
tanα>0, cotα>0.
“锐角三角函数”属于三角学,是《数学课程标准》中“空间与图形”领域的重要内容。从《数学课程标准》看,中学数学把三角学内容分成两个部分,第一部分放在义务教育第三学段,第二部分放在高中阶段。在义务教育第三学段,主要研究锐角三角函数和解直角三角形的内容,本套教科书安排了一章的内容,就是本章“锐角三角函数”。在高中阶段的三角内容是三角学的主体部分,包括解斜三角形、三角函数、反三角函数和简单的三角方程。无论是从内容上看,还是从思考问题的方法上看,前一部分都是后一部分的重要基础,掌握锐角三角函数的概念和解直角三角形的方法,是学习三角函数和解斜三角形的重要准备。
附:三角函数值表
sin0=0,
sin15=(√6-√2)/4 ,
sin30=1/2,
sin45=√2/2,
sin60=√3/2, 三角函数表格0到90
sin75=(√6+√2)/2 ,
sin90=1,
sin105=√2/2*(√3/2+1/2)
sin120=√3/2
sin135=√2/2
sin150=1/2
sin165=(√6-√2)/4
sin180=0
sin270=-1
sin360=0
sin1=0.01745240643728351 sin2=0.03489949670250097 sin3=0.05233595624294383
sin4=0.0697564737441253 sin5=0.08715574274765816 sin6=0.10452846326765346
sin7=0.12186934340514747 sin8=0.13917310096006544 sin9=0.15643446504023087
sin10=0.17364817766693033 sin11=0.1908089953765448 sin12=0.20791169081775931
sin13=0.22495105434386497 sin14=0.24192189559966773 sin15=0.25881904510252074
sin16=0.27563735581699916 sin17=0.2923717047227367 sin18=0.3090169943749474
sin19=0.3255681544571567 sin20=0.3420201433256687 sin21=0.35836794954530027
sin22=0.374606593415912 sin23=0.3907311284892737 sin24=0.40673664307580015
sin25=0.42261826174069944 sin26=0.4383711467890774 sin27=0.45399049973954675
sin28=0.4694715627858908 sin29=0.48480962024633706 sin30=0.49999999999999994
sin31=0.5150380749100542 sin32=0.5299192642332049 sin33=0.544639035015027
sin34=0.5591929034707468 sin35=0.573576436351046 sin36=0.5877852522924731
sin37=0.6018150231520483 sin38=0.6156614753256583 sin39=0.6293203910498375
sin40=0.6427876096865392 sin41=0.6560590289905073 sin42=0.6691306063588582
sin43=0.6819983600624985 sin44=0.6946583704589972 sin45=0.7071067811865475
sin46=0.7193398003386511 sin47=0.7313537016191705 sin48=0.7431448254773941
sin49=0.7547095802227719 sin50=0.766044443118978 sin51=0.7771459614569708
sin52=0.7880107536067219 sin53=0.7986355100472928 sin54=0.8090169943749474
sin55=0.8191520442889918 sin56=0.8290375725550417 sin57=0.8386705679454239
sin58=0.848048096156426 sin59=0.8571673007021122 sin60=0.8660254037844386
sin61=0.8746197071393957 sin62=0.8829475928589269 sin63=0.8910065241883678
sin64=0.898794046299167 sin65=0.9063077870366499 sin66=0.9135454576426009
sin67=0.9205048534524404 sin68=0.9271838545667873 sin69=0.9335804264972017
sin70=0.9396926207859083 sin71=0.9455185755993167 sin72=0.9510565162951535
sin73=0.9563047559630354 sin74=0.9612616959383189 sin75=0.9659258262890683
sin76=0.9702957262759965 sin77=0.9743700647852352 sin78=0.9781476007338057
sin79=0.981627183447664 sin80=0.984807753012208 sin81=0.9876883405951378
sin82=0.9902680687415704 sin83=0.992546151641322 sin84=0.9945218953682733
sin85=0.9961946980917455 sin86=0.9975640502598242 sin87=0.9986295347545738
sin88=0.9993908270190958 sin89=0.9998476951563913
sin90=1
cos1=0.9998476951563913 cos2=0.9993908270190958 cos3=0.9986295347545738
cos4=0.9975640502598242 cos5=0.9961946980917455 cos6=0.9945218953682733
cos7=0.992546151641322 cos8=0.9902680687415704 cos9=0.9876883405951378
cos10=0.984807753012208 cos11=0.981627183447664 cos12=0.9781476007338057
cos13=0.9743700647852352 cos14=0.9702957262759965 cos15=0.9659258262890683
cos16=0.9612616959383189 cos17=0.9563047559630355 cos18=0.9510565162951535
cos19=0.9455185755993168 cos20=0.9396926207859084 cos21=0.9335804264972017
cos22=0.9271838545667874 cos23=0.9205048534524404 cos24=0.9135454576426009
cos25=0.9063077870366499 cos26=0.898794046299167 cos27=0.8910065241883679
cos28=0.882947592858927 cos29=0.8746197071393957 cos30=0.8660254037844387
cos31=0.8571673007021123 cos32=0.848048096156426 cos33=0.838670567945424
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