American literature
So far that we know the American literature includes four periods:Colonial and Revolutionary Period(1607--1765);The reasoning and revolution period(1750-1800);The Romanticism Period(1770--1870). American literature is one of the youngest national literature in the world. It became a colony of Britain in the early 17th century.
Colonial and Revolutionary Period
Colonial and Revolutionary Period,in November1620,a group of English settlers,sailing on the ship of Mayflower,stepped on the New England shore at the Plymouth,only half of the 149 people survived the hard voyage on the Atlantic Ocean.These people are called Pilgrim Fathers.Their arrival marked the beginning of the American literature.It stretched roughly from the settlement of Am in the early 17th C through the end of the 18th. The first permanent settlement in America was established by English in 1607.Looking through the American literature history,we can figure out that Puritanism has a significant impact.As a matter of fact ,American literature was from the outset conditioned by the Puritan heritage.As
we all know that the optimism is the important symbol for American,indeed the optimism was started from the Puritanism. After arriving at America,the puritans believed that God must have sent them to new place to rebuilt the paradise.Hence their writing was about the voyage to this new place,guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit or their writings served either God or colonial expansion. Some other colonial writers wrote for civil and religious freedom, and some wrote for America shaking off the fetters of the savage British colonial rule.Besides,most of the writing from is diaries,histories,journals,letters.
Then I would introduce some famous authors during this period,John Smith,the first American writer who wrote the A True Relation of Virginia,it is said about the true life condition in Virginia and also the first book in American.Another writer called  Roger William was an English Protestant theologian who was an early proponent of religious freedom and the separation of church and state.Williams’s career as an author began with A Key into the Language of America , written during his first voyage to England.He believed that toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang from the idea that simply
to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God.
The reasoning and revolution period
America has experienced two revolutions in 18centuries,one is the independence war ,another is the Enlightenment (also called reason and revolution period)The literature of reason and revolution period was born at the time of Independence war ,By the mid-eighteenth century colonial America was no longer a group of scattered, struggling settlements. It was a series of neighboring, flourishing colonies with rapidly expanding, mixed populations. The growth, particularly the industrial growth, led to intense strain with England. In the seventies of the 18th century the English colonies in North America rose in arms against their mother country. The War for Independence last for 8 years. Confronting with such a stress and terrible condition,revolution and evolution is pretty certain.The spiritual life in the colonies during that period was to a great degree moulded by the bourgeois enlightenment.
At that times springing a number of politicians and litterateurs,the typical person is Benjamin Franklin who was the great thinker in the Enlightenment movement also influenced a sizable number of persons at that time,he was know as a politician ,litterateur and scientist,in addition,he was one of the committee to draft The Declaration of Independence.he devoted his whole life to American’a independence, as a representative of the Colonies, he tried in vain to counsel the British toward policies that would let America grow and flourish in association with England. He conducted the difficulty negotiations with France that brought financial and military support for America in the war.He also facilitated many civic organizations, including a fire department and a university.So he was one of the founding father in United States of America.people all respected and appreciated what he had done.
The Romanticisms period
American Romanticism is divided into two parts, Pre-Romanticism(1770s-1830s) and  Post-Romanticism.(1830s-1860s, after Civil war 1865-1875) .The Romantic Period, one of t
he most important periods in the history of American literature, a sweeping but indispensable modern term applied to the profound shift in Western attitudes to art and human creativity that dominated much of European culture in the first half of the 19th centuries, people were influenced by it so deeply even some people reacted to against it at first time.It is a period following Am independence In this period, .democracy and political equality became a wonderful tendence. America was in an economic boom. There is a tremendous sense of optimism and hope among the people. The spirit of the time is, in some measure, responsible for the outburst of romantic feeling.Living with a better life can the romanticism appears.There is another factor to make the romanticism begin in the earlier time,romanticism emerged in England from 1798 to 1832,British Romanticism inspired the American imagination.The character at that time is pluralistic,manifestations varied,Individualistic.Frequently shared certain general characteristics, moral enthusiasm, faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, and a presumption that he natural world was a source of corruption.uneventful

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