英语国际音标表(48个)
元音(20个)
长元音
/ɑ:/
啊(长音)
/ɔ:/
奥(长音)
/ə:/
额(长音)
/i:/
一(长音)
/U:/
屋(长音)
短元音
/ʌ/
/ɔ/
/ə/
/ɪ/
/U:/
/e/
/æ/
/eɪ/
和拼音的“ei”一样
/aɪ/
/ɔɪ/
双元音
/ɪə/
一而
/eə/
挨而
/Uə/
勿而
/əU/
/aU/
辅音(28个)
轻辅音
/p/
/t/
/k/
/f/
/θ/
四(咬舌音)
/s/
浊辅音
/b/
/d/
/g/
/v/
/ð/
字(咬舌音)
/z/
轻辅音
/ʃ/
/h/
/ts/
差(ci)
/tʃ/
/tr/
浊辅音
/ʒ/
/r/
/dz/
/dʒ/
/dr/
鼻音
/m/
/n/
/ŋ/
半元音
/j/
/ w/
边音
/ǀ/
英语音标及字母组合对照
lunch的音标怎么写读一、元音字母重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
编 号
a
在开音节中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake
1-01
在闭音节中
[æ]
bag dad hat map black back
1-02
e
在开音节中
[i:]
he these me Chinese
1-03
在闭音节中
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
1-04
i
在开音节中
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite
1-05
在闭音节中
[i]
fish big drink sit milk swim
1-06
o
在开音节中
[ou]
those close go hoe home no
1-07
在闭音节中
[]
clock not box shop sock
1-08
u
在开音节中
[ju:]
student excuse duty Tuesday
1-09
在闭音节中
[]
bus cup jump much lunch
1-10
开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
1-11
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
编 号
a
[]
China another woman breakfast
2-01
[i]
orange comrade village cabbage
2-02
e
[]
hundred student open weekend
2-03
[i]
chicken pocket begin children
2-04
i
[]/[i]
holiday beautiful family animal
2-05
[ai]
exercise satellite
2-06
o
[]
second tonight somebody welcome
2-07
[u]
also zero photo
2-08
u
[]
autumn diffcult
2-09
[ju:]
popular congratulation January
2-10
1 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate        2  u处在开音节位置,
2-11
又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
2-12
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音,也可以读作[i]音。
三、元音字母重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
编 号
a在[w]音后面
[]
want what watch wash quality
3-01
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[α:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
3-02
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
3-03
o在-st -ld前
[ou]
most postcard old cold
3-04
o在m n v th前
[]
come monkey love mother
3-05
四、-r音节元音字组重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[α:]
car farm dark sharpener
4-01
[:]
warm quarter towards
4-02
or
or在[w]音后面
[:]
forty morning short
4-03
[:]
word worker worse
4-04
er ir ur
[:]
certainly bird Thursday
4-05
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry
4-06
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
4-07
五、-re音节元音字组重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
are
]
care dare hare
5-01
ere
[i]
here mere
5-02
ire
[ai]
fire hire wire
5-03
ore
[:]
more score before
5-04
ure
[ju]
pure cure
5-05
  are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[]音,例如:picture pleasure
5-06
  重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring
5-07
  某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph
5-08
六、元音字组重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
ai/ay
[ei]
afraid rain wait day play
6-01
air
]
air hair chair pair repair
6-02
al
al在f m前
[]
small ball talk wall all
6-03
[:l]
always also salt almost
6-04
[α:]
half calm
6-05
au/aw
[:]
autumn daughter draw
6-06
ea
[i:]
teach easy cheap please
6-07
[e]
heavy bread sweater weather
6-08
[ei]
break great
6-09
ear
[i]
hear dear near clear year
6-10
]
bear pear wear swear
6-11
[:]
earth learn early
6-12
ee
[i:]
jeep week green three
6-13
eer
[i]
pioneer deer beer
6-14
ei/ey
[ei]
eight neighbour they
6-15
[i:]
either key
6-16
eu/ew在
j l r s后
[ju:]
new few newspaper
6-17
[u:]
flew brew jewelry
6-18
ie/ei[s]音之后
[i:]
piece field receive
6-19
oa
[ou]
coat Joan boat goal
6-20
oar/oor
[:]
roar board door floor
6-21
oi/oy
[i]
noise point boy toilet
6-22
oo
[u:]
broom food tooth school
6-23
[u]
book look cook foot good
6-24
ou/ow
[au]
flower house count down
6-25
[ou]
know row throw though
6-26
[]
young country enough
6-27
[u:]
group you soup
6-28
our
[:]
course your four
6-29
[au]
our hour ours
6-30
[:]
journey
6-31
ui
在j l r s后
[ju:i]
fluid suicide tuition
6-32
[u:]
juice fruit suit
6-33
七、非重读音节中元音字组的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
ai/ay ei/ey
[i]
Sunday foreign monkey
7-01
ow
[ou]
yellow sparrow tomorrow
7-02
元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
7-03
-sion -tion
[n]
impression nation
7-04
-sion在元音字母后
[n]
vision decision occasion
7-05
-tion在s后
[n]
question suggestion
7-06
-sten
[sn]
listen
7-07
-stle
[sl]
whistle
7-08
-sure
[]
pleasure measure
7-09
-ture
[]
picture culture
7-10
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如:  everyday[ei]   handbag[æ]  blackboard[:]
8-01
  有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如:
  sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天
  holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日
  break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast[] 早餐
  cup茶杯 + board木板[:] > cupboard[] 碗柜
8-02
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
b
[b]
bike bus bag
9-01
[/]
bomb tomb 
9-02
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cake picture coat music
9-03
[s]
face decide cinema
9-04
ch
[]
much chick rich teacher
9-05
[k]
school headache chemistry
9-06
[]
machine Chicago
9-07
-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock
9-08
d
[d]
doctor bread hand day
9-09
-dge
[]
bridge fridge
9-10
dr-
[dr]
children driver drink
9-11
f
[f]
five four breakfast
9-12
g
g在e i/y前
[]
bag gardon go
9-13
[]
orange large German
9-14
gh
[f]
cough enough
9-15
[/]
light daughter high
9-16
gu- -gue
gu在非重读音节中
[]
guess league dialogue
9-17
[w]
language anguish
9-18
h
[h]
hot head house hand
9-19
[/]
hour honest
9-20

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