中考英语45个一词多义高频词及固定搭配
1.cost
The ticket cost me ten dollars.（此句中cost用作及物动词,意为“花费”,这是cost的常用法之一。）
The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago.（此句中cost用作名词,意为“价格,成本,费用”,这是它的常用法之二。）
cost除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如:
① Has this project been costed? (cost用作及物动词,意为“估价,估计成本”。)
② I must get the book at all costs.(at all costs意为“无论如何,不惜任何代价”。)
③ She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life.(at the cost of sth.意为“以牺牲某事物为代价”。)
2.deal
Teachers should deal fairly with their pupils.（此句中deal用作不及物动词,常和with连用,意为“对待”,这是deal的常用法。）
deal还有其它用法。如:
①She spent a good deal of money on new clothes.(a good deal of意为“很多,大量”后接不可数名词。)
②We tried to make sure everyone got a fair deal.(a fair deal意为“公平的待遇”。)
③My bank deals in stocks and shares now.(deal in意为“经营”。)
④The teacher dealt out the test papers to the students.(deal out意为“分发”。)
3.interest
interest在教材中的意思为“兴趣”和“使感兴趣”,分别作名词和动词用。
The money I borrowed from him was repaid with interest.
What he did was just to protect his own interests.
上面句子中的两个interest都作名词用。作“利息”讲时,为不可数名词;作“利益,好处”讲时,多用复数形式。
第一句可译为“我向他借的那笔钱是带息偿还的。”
第二句可译为“他所做的一切仅仅是为了保护他自己的利益。”
4.drive
Can you drive a car? (drive用作动词,意思为“开车,驾驶”,是教材中的第一种用法。)
Let’s go for a drive in the country.(drive用作名词,意思为“驱车旅行”,是教材中的第二种用法。)
除了以上用法外, drive还有其它用法。如：
①The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month.(drive用作名词,意思为“运动”。)
②There are three buses parked on the drive.(drive用作名词,意思为“车道”。)
③Poverty drove the little boy to steal.(drive用作动词,意思为“驱使”。)
④I’m sure that I’ve driven my opinion home.(drive sth.home意思为“把……讲透彻,使充分理解”。)
⑤Please drive the dog away.(drive sb./sth.away意思为“把……赶跑”。)
5.join 
What club do you want to join?（此句中的join是及物动词,意为“加入,参加”,这是其最常见的用法。）
另外它还有其它用法。如:
①The two rivers join at the bridge.(此句中的join是不及物动词,意为“会合,联合,相遇”。)
②The two pieces were stuck together so well that we could hardly see the join.(此句中的join是名词,意为“连接处,接缝”。)
6.dream
dream在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“做梦,梦到”;用作名词时意思为“梦想,幻想”。
dream除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如：
join的四种用法Her new dress is an absolute dream.(dream用作名词,意思为“美丽或美好的人或事物”。)
My aunt’s wedding ceremony went like a dream.(go like a dream是固定短语,意思为“非常顺利,完美”。)
7.know
I’ve known David for 20 years.
I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong.
The old man has known both poverty and wealth.
know在教材中的意思为“知道,了解”,作动词用。在上面的三个句子中, know都作动词用,第一
个know的意思为“认识”;第二个know的意思为“区分”;第三个know的意思为“亲身经历”。
8.fail
If you don’t work hard, you may fail.（此句中fail意为“失败;不及格,没有通过考试”。）
fail还有其它用法。如:
① He never fails to write to his mother every week.
(fail意为“忘记、忽视或未能做某事”。)
② She has been failing in health.
(fail in意为“(健康状况)衰退”。)
③ His friends failed him when he most needed them.
(fail意为“使失望, 辜负”。)
④ I had three passes and one fail.
(fail用作名词,意为“考试不及格”。)
⑤ I’ll be there at two o’clock without fail.
(without fail意为“肯定,一定,必定”。)
9.lead
lead在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“引导,领导”;用作形容词时意思为“领导的,领先的,带领的”。
除了教材中的用法外,lead还有以下几种用法。如：
Which road leads to the mountain? (lead用作动词,意思为“通向,通往”。)
My grandmother is leading a quiet life in the countryside.(lead用作动词,意思为“过某种生活”。)
Not having a balanced diet can lead to health problems.(lead用作动词,意思为“导致”。)
Her brother took the lead in the high jump.(lead用作名词,意思为“领先地位”。)
In this new film, she is the lead.(lead用作名词,意思为“主角”。)
10.fall
The leaves fall in autumn.（此句中fall用作动词,意为“落下,下降”,这是其常用法。）
fall还有其它用法。如:
①I had a fall and broke my arm.(fall用作名词,意为“跌落,掉下,降落”。)
②Our holiday plans fell through because of bad weather.(fall through 意为“落空,未能实现,成为泡影”。)
③My car is falling apart.(fall apart意为“破裂,破碎,散架”。)
④We fell about (laughing) when we heard the joke.(fall about意为“无法控制地大笑”。)
⑤Sam, please fall back on old friends in time of need.(fall back on意为“求助于,退到”。)
11.low
The sun is low in the sky.（此句中low用作形容词,意为“低的,矮的”,这是low的常用法。）
low还有其它用法。如:
① She’s been feeling rather low since her illness.(low用作形容词,意为“消沉的”。)
② The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high.(low用作副词,意为“低价地,廉价地”。)
③ The gas is running low.(run low意为“几乎耗尽”。)
12.blind
She is blind in the left eye.（此句中blind用作形容词,意为“瞎的,盲人的”,这是blind的常用法。）
blind还有其它用法。如:
① The blinds were drawn to protect the new furniture from the sun.(blind用作名词,意为“窗帘,遮光物”。)
② The soldier was blinded in the explosion.(blind用作动词,意为“使失明”。)
③ This is a blind letter.(blind letter意为“因地址写得不清而无法投寄的信件”。)
④ He turned a blind eye to her mistakes.(turn a blind eye to意为“对……熟视无睹”。)

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