常见英语法律词汇汇总
英语法律词汇的掌握对于专业律师、法律翻译和涉及法律领域的相关行业从业人员来说是非常重要的。下面将详细介绍一些常见的英语法律词汇，以便大家更好地理解和运用。
1. Law - 法律
Law refers to a system of rules and regulations that are created and enforced by a particular country or community.
2. Legal - 法律的
Legal pertains to anything related to the law or its requirements.
3. Legislation - 立法
Legislation refers to the process of creating new laws or modifying existing laws.
4. Statute - 法规
A statute is a written law that has been formally passed by a legislative body.
5. Regulation - 规定
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A regulation is a rule or directive that is issued by an executive branch of government in order to implement a law.
6. Act - 法案
An act is a formal written record of a decision made by a legislative body. Acts can be used to create new laws or modify existing ones.
7. Legal system - 法律体系
A legal system is a framework of rules, institutions, and procedures within which disputes are resolved and laws are made and enforced.
8. Court - 法院
A court is a governmental body with authority to resolve legal disputes. Courts apply the law to make decisions and judgments.
9. Judge - 法官
A judge is a public official who presides over court proceedings and makes decisions based on the law.
10. Jury - 陪审团
A jury is a group of citizens who are chosen to hear evidence and decide the outcome of a trial.
11. Defendant - 被告
A defendant is a person or entity that is accused of committing a crime or is being sued in a civil case.
12. Plaintiff - 原告
A plaintiff is a person or entity that brings a lawsuit against another party in a civil case.
13. Prosecutor - 检察官
A prosecutor is a lawyer who represents the government in criminal cases and is responsible for presenting the case against the defendant.
14. Attorney - 律师
An attorney is a person who is qualified and licensed to practice law, and is responsible for providing legal advice and representation to clients.
15. Evidence - 证据
Evidence is any information or material that is presented in court to prove or disprove a fact or issue in a case.
16. Testimony - 证词
Testimony is the oral or written statement given by a witness under oath in a court proceeding.
17. Contract - 合同
A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that creates rights and obligations.
18. Tort - 侵权行为
A tort is a civil wrong that causes harm or loss to another person, and can result in a legal liability.
19. Liability - 责任
Liability refers to legal responsibility for one's actions or omissions that cause harm to others.
20. Damages - 损害赔偿
Damages are monetary compensation awarded by a court to a party who has suffered harm or loss as a result of another's actions.
21. Intellectual property - 知识产权
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind such as inventions, literary and artistic works, symbols, names, and designs that are protected by law.
22. Copyright - 版权
Copyright is a legal protection that gives the creator of an original work the exclusive right to reproduce, distribute, and display the work.
23. Trademark - 商标
A trademark is a distinctive sign or symbol that is used to identify and distinguish goods or services of one party from those of others.
24. Patent - 专利
A patent is a government grant that gives inventors the exclusive right to make, use, and sell their inventions for a limited period of time.
25. Constitutional law - 宪法法律
Constitutional law refers to the body of law that deals with the interpretation and application of a country's constitution.
26. Civil law - 民法
Civil law refers to the body of law that governs private disputes between individuals or organizations.
27. Criminal law - 刑法
Criminal law refers to the body of law that deals with crimes and the punishment of those who commit them.
28. International law - 国际法
International law refers to the body of rules and principles that govern the relations between states and international organizations.
29. Human rights - 人权
Human rights are fundamental rights and freedoms that every individual is entitled to, regardless of their nationality, race, gender, or other characteristics.
30. Constitutional rights - 宪法权利
Constitutional rights are the rights and freedoms guaranteed to individuals by a country's constitution, which serve as the foundation for the legal protection of citizens.
31. Due process - 正当程序
Due process refers to the fair and impartial treatment of individuals within the legal system, ensuring that their rights are protected and upheld throughout legal proceedings.
32. Legal precedent - 法律先例
Legal precedent refers to a previously decided case that serves as a guiding principle or authority in subsequent similar cases, providing a basis for legal interpretation and decision-making.

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