MySQLinsertupdateselect语法1、insert
insert 语句有三种语法：
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
[INTO] tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]
[(col_name [, col_name] ...)]
{ {VALUES | VALUE} (value_list) [, (value_list)] ...
|
VALUES row_constructor_list
}
[AS row_alias[(col_alias [, col_alias] ...)]]
[ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
mysql group by order by[INTO] tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]
[AS row_alias[(col_alias [, col_alias] ...)]]
SET assignment_list
[ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
[INTO] tbl_name
[PARTITION (partition_name [, partition_name] ...)]
[(col_name [, col_name] ...)]
[AS row_alias[(col_alias [, col_alias] ...)]]
{SELECT ... | TABLE table_name}
[ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE assignment_list]
value:
{expr | DEFAULT}
value_list:
value [, value] ...
row_constructor_list:
ROW(value_list)[, ROW(value_list)][, ...]
assignment:
col_name = [row_alias.]value
assignment_list:
assignment [, assignment] ...
例句
# 可以引⽤先前在值列表中设置的任何列
INSERT INTO tbl_name (col1,col2) VALUES(15,col1*2);
# 下列语句会发⽣错误
INSERT INTO tbl_name (col1,col2) VALUES(col2*2,15);
# 可以多⾏插⼊
INSERT INTO tbl_name (a,b,c)  VALUES(1,2,3), (4,5,6), (7,8,9);
# 如果 a 是 UNIQUE 或 PRIMARY KEY，在已存在时，会更新相应的列
INSERT INTO t1 (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE c=c+1;
# 等价于
UPDATE t1 SET c=c+1 WHERE a=1;
# 将查询结果插⼊
INSERT INTO tbl_temp2 (fld_id)
SELECT tbl_temp1.fld_order_id
FROM tbl_temp1 WHERE tbl_temp1.fld_order_id > 100;
2、update
# 单表操作
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference
SET assignment_list
[WHERE where_condition]
[ORDER BY ...]
[LIMIT row_count]
value:
{expr | DEFAULT}
assignment:
col_name = value
assignment_list:
assignment [, assignment] ...
# 多表操作
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_references
SET assignment_list
[WHERE where_condition]
例⼦
# 最后 col1 col2 的值相同
UPDATE t1 SET col1 = col1 + 1, col2 = col1;
# 多表操作，使⽤了内连接
UPDATE items,month SET items.price=month.price WHERE items.id=month.id;
3、select
SELECT
[ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
[HIGH_PRIORITY]
[STRAIGHT_JOIN]
[SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
[SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
select_expr [, select_expr] ...
[into_option]
[FROM table_references
[PARTITION partition_list]]
[WHERE where_condition]
[GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}, ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
[HAVING where_condition]
[WINDOW window_name AS (window_spec)
[, window_name AS (window_spec)] ...]
[ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
[ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
[LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
[into_option]
[FOR {UPDATE | SHARE}
[OF tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...]
[NOWAIT | SKIP LOCKED]
| LOCK IN SHARE MODE]
[into_option]
into_option: {
INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
[CHARACTER SET charset_name]
export_options
| INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
| INTO var_name [, var_name] ...
}
table_references:
escaped_table_reference [, escaped_table_reference] ...
escaped_table_reference: {
table_reference
| { OJ table_reference }
}
table_reference: {
table_factor
| joined_table
}
table_factor: {
tbl_name [PARTITION (partition_names)]
[[AS] alias] [index_hint_list]
| [LATERAL] table_subquery [AS] alias [(col_list)]
| ( table_references )
}
joined_table: {
table_reference {[INNER | CROSS] JOIN | STRAIGHT_JOIN} table_factor [join_specification]  | table_reference {LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER] JOIN table_reference join_specification
| table_reference NATURAL [INNER | {LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER]] JOIN table_factor
}
join_specification: {
ON search_condition
| USING (join_column_list)
}
join_column_list:
column_name [, column_name] ...
index_hint_list:
index_hint [, index_hint] ...
index_hint: {
USE {INDEX|KEY}
[FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] ([index_list])
| {IGNORE|FORCE} {INDEX|KEY}
[FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] (index_list)
}
index_list:
index_name [, index_name] ...
SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN (t2, t3, t4)
ON (t2.a = t1.a AND t3.b = t1.b AND t4.c = t1.c)

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