人内传播:intra-personal communication 自我互动:self interaction
象征符:symbol
内省式思考:reflective thinking
人际传播:personal communication
集合行为:collective behavior
乌合之众:crowd
流言:rumor
意见领袖:opinion leader
两级传播:two step flow of communication 中介因素:mediating factors
信息流:information flow
影响流:influencing flow
知沟:knowledge gap
数字鸿沟:digital gap
可信性:credibility
专业权威性:expertness
休眠效果(霍夫兰):sleeper effect
诉诸理性:rational persuasion
editorial column诉诸情感:emotional persuasion
显著性:salience
自信心假说:self-confidence hypothesis
议程设置功能:the agenda-setting function:McCombs&Show What is the agenda-setting function:
Media concentration on a few issues and subjects leads the public to perceive those issues as more i
mportant than other issues. That is,if a news item is covered frequently and prominently,the audience will regard the issue as more important.
属性议程设置:attributes agenda-setting
沉默的螺旋:the spiral of silence
社会合意:social consensus
意见气候:opinion climate
中坚分子:the hard core
培养分析:cultivation analysis
故事讲解员:story-teller
熔炉:melting-pot
新闻框架:news frame
News frame的四种功能:
Problem definition(提供问题定义);
causal interpretation(阐释事件原因);
moral evaluation(提供道德评价);treatment recommendation(示意解决方案)
上限效果(ceiling effect)假说;信息富有者(information-rich)
信息贫困者(information-poor)媒介素养(media literacy)
第三人效果(the third-person effect)
拉斯韦尔:Lasswell
卢因:Lewin
霍夫兰:Hovland
拉扎斯菲尔德:Lazarsfeld
施拉姆:Schramm
香农:Shannon
威纳:Norbert Wiener
经验学派:empirical school
批判学派:critical school
霸权:hegemony
文化帝国主义:cultural imperialism
文本解析:text analysis
美国源流:杜威(Dewey)
库利(Cooley)提出两个概念:一是初级体(primary group)二是镜中我(looking-glass self)帕克(Park)米德(Mead):主我(I)和客我(Me)对理解人内传播很有意义
李普曼(Lippmann)
拟态环境(pseudo-environment)
刻板成见(stereotype)
拉斯韦尔三功能说:
环境监视功能(surveillance of the environment)
社会联系与协调功能(correlation of the parts of society)
社会遗产传承功能(transmission of social heritage)
拉扎斯菲尔德三功能:
社会地位赋予功能(status conferral)
社会规范强制功能(enforcement of social norms)
作为负面功能的“麻醉功能”(narcotizing dysfunction)
电子乌托邦(teletopia)多媒体(multi-media)
传播制度几种规范理论:
集权主义authoritarianism
受众权利:传播权(the right to communicate)知晓权(the right to know)媒介接近权(the right of access to mass media)
acredited journalist n.特派记者advertisment n.广告
advance n.预发消息;预写消息
affair(e)n.桃新闻;绯闻
anecdote n.趣闻轶事
assignment n.采写任务
attribution n.消息出处,消息来源
back alley news n.小道消息backgrounding n.新闻背景
Bad news travels quickly.坏事传千里。
banner n.通栏标题
beat n.采写范围
blank vt."开天窗"
body n.新闻正文
boil vt.压缩(篇幅)
box n.花边新闻
brief n.简讯bulletin n.新闻简报byline n.署名文章caption n.图片说明caricature n.漫画
carry vt.刊登cartoon n.漫画censor vt.审查(新闻稿件),新闻审查chart n.每周流行音乐排行版clipping n.剪报column n.专栏;栏目columnist n.专栏作家continued story连载故事;连载小说contributing editor特约编辑contribution n.(投给报刊的)稿件;投稿contributor n.投稿人copy desk n.新闻编辑部
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