Designation:D714–02(Reapproved2009)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints1
editor evaluating revision
This standard is issued under thefixed designation D714;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1.Scope
1.1This test method employs photographic reference stan-dards to evaluate the degree of blistering that may develop when paint systems are subjected to conditions which will cause blistering.While primarily intended for use on metal and other nonporous surfaces,this test method may be used to evaluate blisters on porous surfaces,such as wood,if the size of blisters falls within the scope of these reference standards. When the reference standards are used as a specification of performance,the permissible degree of blistering of the paint system shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.
1.2This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Adjuncts:
Reference Standards for Blistering of Paint Coatings2
3.Significance and Use
3.1A phenomenon peculiar to painted surfaces is the formation of blisters relative to some system weakness.This test method provides a standard procedure of describing the size and density of the blisters so that comparisons of severity can be made.
4.Reference Standards
4.1The photographic reference standards are glossy prints.2 Figs.1-4are reproductions of these standards and are included to illustrate two characteristics of blistering:size and fre-quency.
4.2Size—Reference standards have been selected for four steps as to size on a numerical scale from10to0,in which No. 10represents no blistering.Blistering standard No.8represents the smallest size blister easily seen by the unaided eye. Blistering standards Nos.6,4,and2represent progressively larger sizes.
4.3Frequency—Reference standards have been selected for four steps in frequency at each step in size,designated as follows:
Dense,D,
Medium dense,MD,
Medium,M,and
Few,F.
N OTE1—A quantitative physical description of blistering would in-clude the following characteristics determined by actual count:
Size distribution in terms of mensuration units,
Frequency of occurrence per unit area,
Pattern of distribution over the surface,and
Shape of blister
For the usual tests,an actual count is more elaborate than is necessary.
5.Procedure
5.1Subject the paintfilm to the test conditions agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.Then evaluate the paintfilm for the degree of blistering by comparison with the photographic reference standards in Figs.1-4.
6.Report
6.1Report blistering as a number(Note2)designating the size of the blisters and a qualitative term or symbol indicating the frequency.
6.2Intermediate steps in size or frequency of blisters may be judged by interpolation.
6.3When the distribution of blisters over the area has a nonuniform pattern,use an additional phrase to describe the distribution,such as“small clusters,”or“large patches.”
N OTE2—The number refers to the largest size blister that is numerous enough to be representative of the specimen.For example,photographic standard No.4,“Dense,”has blisters ranging in size from about No.7to No.4,inclusive.
1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01on Paint
and Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.25on Evaluation of Weathering Effects.
Current edition approved July1,2009.Published July2009.Originally approved
in1943.Last previous edition approved in2002as D714–02´1.
2Glossy prints of the photographic reference standards showing types of
blistering are available from ASTM International Headquarters.Order Adjunct
No.ADJD0714.Original adjunct produced in1986.
Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.
6.4The pictorial representations in this standard which are published in the Book of Standards are sufficient in order to conduct the evaluation.It is preferable however,to use the original photographs or drawings when available.
7.Keywords
7.1blistering;corrosion;evaluations;reference
standards
Few Medium
FIG.1Blister Size No.
2
Medium Dense Dense
FIG.1
(continued)
Few Medium
FIG.2Blister Size No.4
Dense Dense
FIG.2(continued)
Few Medium
FIG.3Blister Size No.6
Medium Dense Dense
FIG.3(continued)
Medium Dense Dense
FIG.4(continued)
Few Medium
FIG.4Blister size No.8

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