Designation:F609–05An American National Standard Standard Test Method for
Using a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter(HPS)1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation F609;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1.Scope
1.1This test method covers measurement of the slip index of footwear sole,heel,or related materials on dry walkway surfaces in the laboratory and in thefield.
1.2The dimensional values used in the test method are given in units of inches,pounds,or degrees Fahrenheit. Alternative equivalent values are in parentheses and are for informational purposes only.
1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:2
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
F1646Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction for Footwear
3.Terminology
3.1For definitions of terms,refer to Terminology F1646.
4.Significance and Use
4.1The Horizontal Pull Slipmeter3is a laboratory andfield instrument designed to provide information about the slip index characteristics between walkway surfaces and a test foot material under dry conditions only.The HPS can not be used on wet surfaces.Slip index can be affected by surface rough-ness,presence of water,contaminants such as grease and other foreign materials,andfloor surface wear over time.Slip index, as determined by the HPS,most likely will not give useful information for evaluating liquid contaminated surfaces,and therefore,will not provide an effective assessment of a poten-tial slipping hazard on a walkway surface under these condi-tions.
4.2The value reported by the Horizontal Pull Slipmeter is called the slip index.Slip index is ten times the static coefficient of friction.For example,a static coefficient of friction of0.4is displayed by a slip index of  4.0when measured by the Horizontal Pull Slipmeter.
4.3The HPS can be used on inclined surfaces.No adjust-ment for slope is needed for measurements in the direction perpendicular to the slope and when averaging four measure-ments at one location taken according to step10.14.
5.Apparatus4
5.1Horizontal Pull Slipmeter—See Fig.1.
6.Reagents and Materials
6.1Silicon carbide abrasive paper,No.400grit.
6.2Camel hair brush or other non-static bristle material.
7.Test Foot
7.1The test foot shall be Trademark Neolite5Test Liner that measure0.5in.(12.7mm)in diameter and0.25in.(6.35mm) to0.2in.(5.08mm),but not less than0.2in.(5.08mm)in thickness.When testing actual shoe materials,Neolite5should be replaced with the desired test materials.
7.2A set of three test feet of the same material are required for performance of the test.editor evaluating revision
8.Calibration
8.1Place the switch button,which is located just below the dial,in the center position.No switch is found on later model
1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F13.10on Traction.
Current edition approved Dec.1,2005.Published December2005.Originally approved in1979.Last previous edition approved in1996as F609–96e1.
2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3The Horizontal Pull Slipmeter was developed by C.H.Irvine of Liberty Mutual Insurance Co.,Hopkinton,MA.
4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is C.S.C Force Measurement Inc.,84Ramah Circle North,Agawam,MA01001.If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.Plans for the instrument may be obtained at a nominal cost from ASTM International Headquarters.Order ADJ12-606090-47.
5Neolite is a registered trademark with Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Smithers Scientific Services,Inc.,425West Market Street,Akron,OH44303,with an average specific gravity of1.2760.02and an average Shore A hardness of 93–96.If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.
Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.--` , , ` ` ` , , , , ` ` ` ` -` -` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` ---
Chatillon DPP-5gages.Later model gages have replaced the switch button with a peak hold mode feature.
8.2Grasp the slipmeter and hold in vertical position.8.3Set the gage on zero by moving the rim on the gage.8.4Use a separate hook to suspend the slipmeter by the hook located on one end of the slipmeter.The slipmeter should hang freely.
8.5The needle on the dial of the gage should be within calibration range as indicated on the dial.If it is not within the calibration range,the HPS should be sent to the manufacturer 4for calibration.
9.Conditioning
9.1For testing in laboratories,condition test feet for at least 18to 24h in atmosphere maintained at 7363.6°F (22.862°C)and 5065%relative humidity.
9.2When testing feet in the field or on fixed floor surfaces,conditioning of test feet in accordance with 9.1may not be possible.The results obtained during the ruggedness test indicated that temperature could have a significant effect on the measured slip index when tested at 50°and 85°F.Interpolation has not been established to make proper adjustments for different temperature and humidity.However,it is recom-mended that the temperature and humidity be recorded,since these records could help explain potential inconsistencies.10.Procedure
10.1Insert a set of three test feet in the slipmeter recesses.Test feet can be held in place using all purpose glue.
10.2Mount the abrasive paper on a flat 3by 7-in.(76.2by 77.8-mm)piece of 0.5-in.(12.7-mm)plywood.
10.3Sand the test feet with No.400abrasive paper.The sanding procedure should consist of five strokes of 5to 6in.in length,parallel to the friction measurement direction,followed by five strokes of 5to 6in.in length,perpendicular to the friction measurement direction.
10.4Lightly brush the test feet using the non-static brush to remove loose surface particles.
10.5Place the slipmeter on its feet on the test walkway surface.The hook end shall face the power unit.Be sure all three test feet rest on the level walkway surface and not on a grout joint or other uneven surface.
10.6Place the slipmeter power unit on the walkway surface in front of the slipmeter.
10.7Put the switch that permits retention of maximum slip index indication in the center position.For later model Chatil-lon DPP-5gages with no switch,ignore this step.
10.8Set the slip index meter on zero by rotating the bezel until pointer meets zero on dial.For later model gages with no switch,use black knob on dial to set red needle on zero with black peak hold needle immediately to right.
10.9Push the switch on top of the gage toward the hookless end of the slipmeter to record the maximum.For later model gages with no switch,ignore this step.
10.10Connect the string of the power unit pulley to the hook of the slipmeter.The string should be parallel with the test surface and in line with the pulley on the power unit.Align the pulley on the power
unit with the hook on the slipmeter.Be sure to keep the string alignment from the pulley straight (0to 5°)with the hook on the slip meter.The string length between the pulley and the hook of the slipmeter should not be too short,that is,no less no more than two loops around the pulley.
10.11Hold down the power unit with one or both hands to prevent it from moving;then depress the switch.
N OTE 1—Do not exceed 10min dwell time between placing the test feet in contact with the walkway surface and slip index measurement.This dwell time is the time needed from 10.5to and including 10.11.Slip index should be measured within 30min after sanding and brushing,detailed in 10.3and 10.11
.
N OTE 1—Total weight of slipmeter less power unit is 5.9560.07lb (2700634g).Speed of power unit is 3.560.5in./min.Later model Chatillon DPP-5gages do not have a switch.Peak hold feature is found in the gage dial.
FIG.1Horizontal Pull
Slipmeter
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10.12Switch off the power unit when the slipmeter begins to move.
10.13Record the peak slip index reading shown on the slip index gage (position of black needle).Record slip index readings in excess of 8as >8.
10.14Repeat 10.5through 10.13for a total of four times for each location.Rotate the slipmeter 90°in the same direction (clockwise or counterclockwise)after each time.
11.Report
11.1The recording of the following items is recommended.11.1.1Client/customer.11.1.2Location/address.
11.1.3Date and time of test(s).
11.1.4Cite ASTM Test Method F 609was used.11.1.5Name of HPS slipmeter operator.
11.1.6Address and telephone number of operator.
11.1.7Brand,model,and serial number of HPS slipmeter used.
11.1.8Test foot preparation protocol.
11.1.9Specific floor location and orientation of HPS slip-meter where test was performed.11.1.10Type of test foot material.11.1.11Slope of surface tested.
11.1.12Floor material and texture.Provide details of grout joints and floor texture for tile and brick floors,and so forth.11.1.13Floor Finish —Indicate type of finish (for example,wax,polish,or paint)applied,if any,and condition of the finish.
11.1.14Floor Conditions —Indicate surface condition.11.1.15Indicate dry testing.
11.1.16Temperature and relative humidity (if relevant).
11.1.17Record each slip index reading,and record the average of four readings under dry conditions.
11.1.18Provide any comments relative to testing.12.Precision and Bias 6
12.1Six laboratories participated in the precision and bias testing using Trademark Neolite 5Test Liner under dry condi-tions with six floor materials which represented typical floor materials used.There were 16determinations,four in each direction,for each floor material.The values displayed below are slip index that are ten times static friction coefficient.The values of Sr and SR are the standard deviations for the repeatability and reproducibility,respectively,determined in accordance with Practice E 691.The
values of r and R specify the 95%repeatability and reproducibility limits,respectively,for each material.
Material
Average Sr SR r R Glazed ceramic 9.33440.37810.9670  1.0585  2.7077OVCT
8.79170.6597  1.1251  1.8472  3.1502Glazed porcelain 8.3396037530.7738  1.0507  2.1665Red quarry
8.16670.28610.54160.8012  1.5164Unglazed porcelain A 8.14270.24000.52330.6721  1.4653Glazed ceramic rough A
8.5469
0.2888
0.6692
0.8087
1.8738
A
Random texture pattern
12.2Bias —The bias for the HPS is yet to be determined.13.Keywords
13.1shoe heel;shoe soling;slip index;static coefficient of friction
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6
Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters.Request RR
F-13:1001.
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