315化学复习指南2025
    English Answers:
    Chapter 1: Stoichiometry.
        Define stoichiometry and explain its importance in chemical reactions.
        Calculate the mole ratio between reactants and products using balanced chemical equations.
        Determine the limiting reactant and calculate the theoretical yield of a reaction.
        Convert between mass, moles, and volume using stoichiometry.
        Solve problems involving percent yield and excess reactants.
    Chapter 2: Gases.
        Describe the properties of gases and the kinetic molecular theory.
        Apply the ideal gas law (PV = nRT) to solve problems involving pressure, volume, temperature, and moles.
        Explain the concepts of partial pressure and Dalton's law.
        Calculate the molar mass of a gas using its density or effusion rate.
        Understand the behavior of real gases and deviations from the ideal gas law.
    Chapter 3: Solutions.
        Define solutions and their components.
        Express solution concentrations in units of molarity, molality, and percent composition.
        Calculate the mass, volume, and molarity of solutions using dilution and mixing formulas.
        Explain colligative properties, including vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, and freezing point depression.
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        Perform calculations involving titration and neutralization reactions.
    Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions.
        Classify chemical reactions and predict their products.
        Balance chemical equations using half-reactions or the oxidation number method.
        Determine the reaction type (e.g., redox, acid-base, precipitation) and identify the reactants and products.

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