推理判断之写作手法--讲考点--胸有成竹
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高三复习方法。
【2022年推理判断之写作手法考点归纳】
考点
题型
推理判断之写作手法
阅读理解
2022
  试卷类型
设问
考点
2021·北京卷
阅读D32．The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to________．
写作手法
2020
2020·全国新课标III
32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
写作手法
2012
2020·全国新高考I山东卷
68.The author explains the law of over learning by_________.
写作手法
【2023年高考命题预测】
推理判断之写作手法考点是高考中的常考点。作者在写作文章的时候总是要用一些写作手法，
了解写作手法是学生阅读理解要掌握的内容之一。做这类题时，我们可以借鉴中文的一些写作手法，在写作方法上它们是相通的。预测在2023高考中，写作手法有可能会在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之写作手法考点指南】
规律方法：
常见的设问方式：
（1）How is the passage organized?
（2）The author develops the passage mainly by _________.
（3）The first paragraph serves as a（n）  __________.
（4）The example of … is given to show/illustrate that__________.
    了解文章的修辞手法。从修辞手法上讲，在高考阅读中主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举3d打印房子
例证和对比等写作手法。其中，“引用”和“例证”是议论文和说明文中最常用的写作手法之一。是历年高考阅读试题中必不可缺的命题方向。“引用”和“例证”的共同目的就是增强说服力，以更好的达到说理、说明的目的。“引用”和“例证”的共同功能就是服务于段落或篇章的主题。
说明文往往采取下定义、举例子、列数字、对比或比较等说明方式进行写作，而这些说明方式都是为了使文章要说明的内容或问题更加清晰明了、真实可信，或者更具说服力。
记叙文可以采取以时间为序、以地点为序、以故事情节发展为序（开端、发展、高潮、结局）等叙事方式进行写作。以故事情节为序又可以不按照时间的先后顺序叙述，比如，先写结局，再写其他，最后写高潮，这种叙事手法叫做倒叙。
考例分析：
[2012·全国卷Ⅰ，D]   
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can g
et on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
    One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.         
68.The author explains the law of over learning by_________.
A. presenting research findings
B. setting down general rules
C. making a comparison
D. using examples
【答案】68. D
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。成年人常常惊叹他们能很好地记住儿时学过的东西。作者
认为这是儿时过度学习的结果，是因为当我们儿时学会一样东西的时候，我们不是就此停止，而是继续学习，才使我们记忆深刻。文章用例证法说明了“过度学习”的概念。最后作者谈到了“过度学习”的好处和突击学习的弊端。
【答案】D
【解析】根据文章的内容可知：作者采用了举例子的说明方法。比如：practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them和The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
【试题精练】
1.【2022届安徽省合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测】
Bridges are a common sight in the Netherlands. But four bridges are particularly unusual: each 26-foot structure was fashioned from concrete by a giant robotic printer. They are part
of a revolution (变革) that is seeing 3D printers move from the tabletop to the construction lot.
3D construction printers work a lot like home-office ones, except instead of ink they spit out concrete. Nozzles (喷嘴) run back and forth on rails, with computers controlling the time and speed, so that a layer of concrete is laid down where needed. By the time the slow-moving nozzle reaches the end of its path, the layer has usually hardened just enough to lay down another on top of the first, building up, layer-by-layer, a home-sized wall. With precise pattern of deposit, the nozzle can leave spaces for windows, doors, and other design and structural elements.
It takes about 24 hours of printing to build a 500-square-foot single-floor home. “The printing process delivers structure, wall-sheeting, inner and outer surface finishing, all at the same time,” says Jason Ballard, co-founder and CEO of ICON, an Austin, Texas company. “That normally takes 20 people representing five or six different trades working several days.”

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