Unit 7 CAREERS
Lesson 1 EQ:IQ Success Comes with a High EQ
Most students do an IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test early in their school life. Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life. When they see other students doing better than them, they usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change their situation. However, new research into EQ (Emotional Quotient) suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ.
大多数学生会在学生生涯早期做智商测试。即使从未看到过测试结果，他们也认为是智商决定了自己日后生活中的表现。当看到其他学生比自己优秀，他们通常会认为那些学生智商更高，无论做什么也改变不了自身这一劣势。然而，最新的情商研究表明，成功并不仅仅是高智商的结果。
While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted. Supported by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.
智商表明你到底有多聪明，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。最先使用情商一词的沙洛维教授这样描述：帮你到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。
Professor Salovey may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up failing exams? Perhaps their failure is because of their lower EQ. People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. This association can exist, but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ.
沙洛维教授或许是对的。举个例子，你有没有想过，为什么班里那些最聪明的学生，那些你认为本应取得好成绩的学生，有时却考试不及格?也许他们的失败是因为情商较低。人们常误以为高智商的人也同样拥有高情商。这种关联可能存在，但同样也有可能低智商拥有高情商，或者高智商的人拥有低情商。
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive
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attitudes towards life. They are also less likely to be troubled by internal problems. On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations; hence they have a harder time adjusting in life and in their careers.
人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观，很少为自身问题所困扰。另一方面，情商低的人毫无疑问往往在与人相处、解决困难方面存在问题。因此，他们适应生活和职业生涯中的变化也就更困难。
People generally believe that a person’s IQ is determined by birth. However, most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do with education. Some are trying to study the possibility of improving a person’s EQ, especially in terms of “people kills”, such as understanding and communication.
人们普遍认为人的智商是一出生就决定了的。然而，大多数社会学家认为，情商与教育有很大关系。一些科学家正试图研究提升情商的可能性，特别是“人际技能”方面，例如：理解和沟通。
Professor Mayer, recognized by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people’s EQs, recently announced the results of a study on senior secondary school students. When students were introduced to those who had disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties. Compared to students who had not been involved in the study, they also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’feelings. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about life and more willing to try new things.
梅尔教授是公认的人类情商变化研究领域的顶级专家，他最近公布了一项针对高中生的研究结果。他们发现，介绍学生认识有残障的学生之后，这些身体健全的学生会更愿意帮助残障人士。与未参与这一研究的学生相比，他们能更好地理解残障学生的感受。同时，残障学生的态度也发生了明显的变化，他们对待生活更加积极，更愿意尝试新事物。
Altogether, the results of studies show that EQ is as important, if not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life requires getting on well with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible. A high EQ is necessary for this—the higher the better. And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need, not solely based on IQ but on developing the entire character.
总之，一系列研究表明情商即使不比智商更重要，至少也是同等重要。要在这个世界上出人头地，过上快乐又成功的生活，必须要与他人融洽相处，并能够以最好的方式理解和应对各种状况。要做到这些高情商必不可少，而且是越高越好。此外，情商是可以后天提高的，这就意味着学校需要确保学生接受真正所需的教育，是全人发展的教育，而不仅仅是基于智商的教育。
Lesson 3 Meet the New Boss: You第三课遇见新老板：你
Up until the 1980s, people in many countries regularly followed in their parents’footsteps by working in the family business or joining the same profession as them. You’d follow your father to sea, onto the farm or into the workshop. You’d follow your mother into the kitchen or sewing room. In your grandparents’ time, there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement. How times have changed! Most people now have no intention of following in their parents’ footsteps or even staying at one job for very long.
一直到20世纪80年代，在很多国家人们往往子承父业，参与家族生意，或选择与父母从事同一职业。你可能会像父亲一样出海、去农场、进车间，也可能会像妈妈一样进厨房、去缝纫室。在你祖父母的时代，人们的预期是从毕业到退休都做同样的工作。现在时代变了!如今大多数人不再想子承父业，甚至不愿长时间做同一份工作。
In fact, planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn’t practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon. And then what will you do? Work hard? Win the lottery? Hope for the best? You might be lucky. These strategies might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you’re still young and healthy. But most of us today have to look beyond the litt
le box called “career”.
事实上，在同一个领域、同一行业工作一辈子的想法已经不现实了。其中一个原因是技术进步。你现在拥有的工作技能不可能一直有用，也不足以支撑你的整个职业生涯。事实上，这些技能可能很快就会过时，然后你会怎么做？努力地工作？中？尽量往好处想？你可能会运气不错。这些做法可能会带来美好舒适的生活：从事一项自己喜欢的工作，挣着一份体面的薪水，退休时还年富力强。但是，今天我们大多数人都必须跳出“职业生涯”这个小框来看待问题。
If you think you can work eight hours a day and build a career, think again. You might be able to
keep your job if you finish what you are asked to do, but this is hardly a recipe for great career success. Instead, you’d better keep looking for smarter ways to do your work. You’ll need to be a risk taker, an innovator, a problem solver, and a hard worker. Keep doing this, and you can become an expertor a specialist in something one day. You have a chance to choose to build a career, rather than being told to stay or to go.
如果以为一天工作8个小时就可以成就一番事业，那么你得重新想想了。完成别人安排的任务，也许可以保住你的工作，但绝不是取得巨大职业成就的方法。相反，最好要不断寻更巧妙的工作方法，要成为一个冒险者、一个创新者、一个问题解决者，以及一个努力工作的人。持之以恒，这样有一天你才会
成为某个行业的专家或专业人士。你有机会去选择成就一番事业，而不是让别人决定自己的去留。
Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace these days. If you think you can’t be replaced by software, or your job can’t be outsourced to some robots on the moon, you are wrong. What if your job disappears after working for 10 years in the field? You may have to go back to the classroom and be retrained in order to qualify to work in another field. In fact, in all likelihood, you will have to do this multiple times. But you can be prepared for developments and changes before you are thrown out of a career. It is entirely your choice to learn, or to be forced to learn.
如今，工作更换、职业更替的速度惊人。如果认为自己不会被软件所取代，或者自己的工作不可能外包给月球上的机器人，那就大错特错了。假如自己辛辛苦苦工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办？你可能不得不重新回到教室，接受再培训，才能取得在其他领域工作的资格。事实上，你非常有可能要这样重复很多次。但是在被职业抛弃之前，你可以为未来的发展变化做好准备。选择主动学习还是被迫学习，完全取决于你自己。
In short, if you want to succeed in a 21st century career, you will have to develop new essential skills. Lifetime security from one employer is no longer certain or even likely. The truth is that you are the boss of your career, and it is up to you to decide what you can do and how well you can do it. Are you ready for this?
简言之，如果你想在21世纪的职业生涯中取得成功，就必须培养新的必备技能。从同一个雇主那里获得终身职业保障已不再可能也不再可行。实际上，你才是自己职业生涯的老板，也只有你才能决定自己能做什么、能做多好。你准备好了吗?
Unit 8 LITERATURE
Lesson 1 The Last Leaf第一课最后一片叶子
Greenwich Village is a place where the art people came together, hunting for apartments with north-facing windows and low rents. At the top of a three-story building, Sue and Johnsy had their studio.格林威治村是个艺术人士聚集的地方，他们在那里寻窗户朝北且租金低廉的公寓。苏和约翰西的画室就在一座三层楼的顶楼。
In November, a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors called Pneumonia, arrived in Greenwich Village. Mr Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket.十一月的时候，一个冷酷无情、肉眼看不见、医生称之为“肺炎”的不速之客，来到了格林威治村。“肺炎先生”把他冰冷的手指放在约翰西身上，于是她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子，眼睛盯着一堵空墙。
The doctor took Sue aside and claimed, “She has one chance in—let us say, ten. And that chance
is for her to want to live. Try to encourage her to think more hopeful thoughts, about the future, about living.”医生把苏拉到一边，说：“她的病只有，这么说吧，只有一成希望，这一成希望在于她自己要不要活下去。试着鼓励她多想想有希望的事情、想想未来、想想活下去。”Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Johnsy’s spirits. Johnsy’s eyes were open, but they weren’t watching her. Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven ...”
苏拿了几张纸和一支钢笔来到约翰西的房间，开始画钢笔画，试着让约翰西打起精神。约翰西的眼睛是睁着的，但并没有看苏。相反，她望向窗外，倒数着：“十，九，八，七……”“What are you counting, dear?” asked Sue. “They’re falling faster now,” replied Johnsy. “Three days ago there were almost a hundred. But now it’s easy. There are only five left now. Five leaves on the ivy vine. When the last one falls, I must go, too. Didn’t the doctor tell you?”
“你在数什么啊，亲爱的?”苏问道。“它们现在掉得更快了，三天前差不多还有一百来片。现在数起来容易了，只剩下五片了。常春藤上有五片叶子。当最后一片掉下来的时候，我就要离开人世了，难道医生没有说吗?”约翰西回答说。
“Oh, I never heard of such nonsense,” quickly replied Sue. But Johnsy’s mind was made up. “I want to
see the last one fall. I’m tired of waiting. I want to go sailing down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.”“哦，我从未听过这么荒谬的话。”苏立刻答到。但是约翰西决心已定。“我想看着最后一片叶子掉下来，我已经等腻了。我想随风而逝，就像一片可怜的、疲倦的藤叶一样。”
“Try to sleep,” said Sue. Then she went to fetch her neighbour, Mr Behrman, to be a model for her

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