Unit 1
VI.  Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Reason and Emotion
Script
Emotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason; s is suggested by phrase such as” appeal to emotions rather than reason” and “don’t let your emotions take over”. Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or thoughts which people may later regret or disagree with; but during an emotional state, they could not control their actions. Thus, it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.
However, recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a clear distinction between reason and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of as an instinctive response to observed fact. The human mind possesses many possible reactions to the external world. Th
ose reactions can lie on a continuum, with some of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is often called “cold”, and others involving the extremes of pure emotion not related to logical agreement, which is called “the heat of passion”. The relation logic and emotion merits careful study. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce an argument, event one based primarily on reason. This is especially true in religion or ideology, which frequently demands an all-or-nothing rejection or acceptance. In such areas of thought, human beings have to adopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument and partly by feeling and passion. Moreover, several researchers have suggested that typically there is no “pure” decision or thought; that is, no thought is based “purely”” on intellectual logic or “purely” on emotion—most decisions are founded on a mixture of both.
1. What results does the speaker may some from emotional reactions?
2. What is the popular belief about reason and emotion?
3. What does the speaker mean by “cold “?
4. According to the passage, what should people do in religious matters?
5.  What is the speaker’s conclusion?
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D
Task 2: Depression
Script
Pat: You look depressed. Are you feeling blue? I’ve come to cheer you up.
Ted: But there’s nothing that can cheer me up. I’m down in the dumps. Life’s miserable
Pat: You have to try to get your mind off things.
Ted: But I can’t. I just feel there’s too much pressure on me sometimes!
reactions to the online managePat: You can’t let things get you down. Learn to relax and stop worrying all the time. What’s your problem?
Ted: I failed my last exam, and another exam is coming, I get bored.
Pat: If I were you, I’d start working hard. If you work hard for a long time, you’re bound to get better grades. You see, “no pain, no gain”.
Ted: It’s easier said than done! If I read for fifteen minutes, I get bored.
Pat: You have to learn some self-discipline.
But how can I stay cheerful all the time?
Ted: Worse than that! If I read for half an hour, I get a headache. Then I start to worry about passing the next exam.
Pat: It’s all in your mind. If you stay cheerful like me, everything will soon be OK.
Ted: But how can I stay cheerful all the time?
Pat: Try to look on the bright side of things.
Ted: But what if there isn’t a bright side?
Pat: You know the saying: Every cloud has a silver lining. It means there’re always tow sides to everything—both the dark and the bright sides. So, try to identify your strengths and bring then into full play.
Ted: Oh, no! Your corny old sayings are making me even more depressed.
Keys: TFFTF
Task3:  Anger
Script
Anger is an emotion that can be hard to control. Despite this, we should learn how to manage anger in a constructive manner. In the most intense moments of anger, we usually have two choices: to fight or to run. Some choose the option of violence, which is a negative reaction to anger; and others choose to run. Some may think running means you
are a coward. But the option of walking away and claiming down is the more productive method of handling anger. It is difficult to walk away, especially when your heart is racing, and your anger is boiling over.
There are constructive ways of handling anger in any situation. First, you have to stop for a brief moment and think before you act. Take that moment and calm down id you feel yourself being pushed.
At that moment you should admit you are angry. If you refuse to admit you’re angry or hurt, or if you make it appear that everything is peaches and cream, you are not managing angry in a productive way. You should first admit you are angry and let your feelings out before you blow up. Foe example, you can stay in a quiet place by yourself and shout; or you can talk to a close friend to vent your rage. If you do not acknowledge your anger, it only builds up inside you and will eventually explode like a volcano
Then, in order to manage your angry, you can ask yourself an important question that we all must ask ourselves, “What made me angry?” When you get the answer, and then ask yo
urself, “Why did that made me angry?” Through such logical reasoning, one tends to calm down and move toward a sensible solution.
Unit 2
VI.  Further Listening and Speaking
Task1: Beauty Contests and Plastic Surgeries
Script
Juliana Borges, who was named “Miss Brazil” early on Tuesday, had plastic surgery four times and underwent 19 smaller operations. She was just one of many competitors who were determined to improve their appearance through surgery.
“Plastic surgery make me more beautiful and gave me confidence in myself and the perfect measurement that won me this title,” said the beauty queen in a green dress, who was representing Brazil’s southernmost state of Rio Grande do Sul.

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