4 Sample must be treated with some organic solvent, previous to or simultaneously with saponification or extraction process, in order to disrupt the structures where vitamin E can be associated to (membranes, lipoproteins, fat droplets . . . ), to eliminate interferences from big molecules such as proteins or carbohydrates, that are non-soluble in organic phases, and to provide a medium in which analytes can be freely soluble.
样品在皂化或提取的时候，或在此之前，必须用某些有机溶剂进行处理，其目的是为了破坏VE和细胞膜、脂蛋白、脂肪滴等之间的结合；消除蛋白质或碳水化合物等大分子的干扰，这些大分子在有机相中都是不可溶的；以及为被分析物提供能在其中充分溶解的介质。
5 Transported outside the nucleus to the cytoplasm,the mRNA is translated into the protein that it encodes by an organelle known as a ribosome，which strings together amino acids in the order specified by the sequence of elements in the mRNA molecule.
mRNA被传送出细胞核到达细胞质，然后被一种我们称之为核糖体的细胞器翻译成它所编码的蛋白质,该细胞器把氨基酸以mRNA分子中碱基的序列所规定的次序串联在一起。
7  The physicist rightly dreads precise argument,since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumption on which it is based are slightly changed,whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions.（作业题）
物理学家不敢做精确的论证，因为一个只有当它是精确的时候才令人信服的论证，如果作为它的基础的假设发生了一点点变化，就失去了其全部的说服力；而一个尽管不很精确但是令人信服的论证，当作为它的基础的假设稍有波动时，仍有可能是稳定的。
8  Gene engineering is on of the most important developments in recent years,because of it’s applicability to many fields of bioscience and it’s applicability to practical uses.
基因工程是近年来最重要的科学成就之一，因为它可以应用于许多生命科学领域，也适合各种实际应用。
9 On the completion of translation,the ribosome is released from the membrane.
翻译结束，核糖体就从膜上脱落下来。
10 The addition of small quantities of so-called surface active compounds brings about considerable reduction in surface tention
添加少量所谓的表面活性化合物能引起表面张力显著降低。
10 Sine Pasteur’s recognition of the significant role of microorganisms,knowledge of their capabilities has gradually evolved into a flourishing branch of the chemical industry.
自从巴斯德认识微生物的重要作用以来，关于微生物能力的知识已逐渐发展成为化学工业一个繁荣的分支。
11 Adenosine phosphates are relatively small molecules that function as chemical messengers within and between cells，and as energy carriers.
磷酸腺苷分子量较小，它的功能是在细胞内及细胞间作为化学信使,并作为能量的载体。
12 Protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells differs from that in prokaryotes in that the primary transcript from the eukaryotic chromosome is not mRNA but a high molecular weight heterogeneous nuclear RNA.
真核生物细胞中蛋白质的合成与原核生物中的区别在于真核生物染体的初级转录本并不是mRNA，而是一个高分子量的不均一核RNA。reaction英语
13 The Kjedahl method is less general than of Duma’s, but it is useful for the rapid analysis of specific groups of low nitrogen content,for example protein.
Kjedahl法的通用性不如Doma法，但对于迅速分析某些低氮含量的物质，例如蛋白质则是有用的。
14An important aspect of protein synthesis is the secretion of proteins across the cytopalsmic membrane of bacteria or the endoplasmic reticulum of eukaryotes.
蛋白质合成的一个重要问题是，蛋白质穿过细菌的细胞膜或真核生物的内质网膜而分泌出来。
15 Carbohydrates are usually defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones or substances that hydrolyze to yield polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones.
碳水化合物指的是多羟基醛、酮，或那些水解能产生多羟基醛、酮的物质。
16By studying such molecular interactions,researchers hope to better understand the body’s chemical feedback mechanisms——systems of two opposing but interacting forces whose balance depends on how much of the appropriate stimulator or inhibitor chemicals are present.
研究人员希望通过研究这种分子相互作用去更好地了解生物体内的化学反馈机理，即由两个方向相反、相互作用的力构成的体系，这两个力的平衡取决于体内存在的化学抑制剂或促进剂的数量。
16This review briefly describes the areas where in silico approaches are already operating in early pharmaceutical research and contribute significantly to drug discovery.
计算机方法现已运用于早期的药物研究，并为新药的发现作出了巨大的贡献，本文就是对这一领域作一简单的介绍。
17Any part of a plant which are found to have been discolored or attacked b insects must not be used as medicinal herbs.
植物的任何部分，只要发现变或已受虫蛀，就不得入药。(条件状语从句)
18Radioactive isotopes,which may detect cracks and faults in metals,are usually used as tracers.
由于放射性同位素可以探查金属中的裂纹和缺陷，所以常常用作示踪剂
19Scientists have developed a second generation of the blood substitute that solves the problem of blood storage.
科学家们已经研制出第二代血液代用品,从而解决了血液的贮存问题。
20This technique will help to minimize any increases in product costs which are inevitable in the present circumstance.
虽然产品成本的增加在目前情况下是不可避免的，但是这种技术却有助于将其降低至最少限度。
21The heat that warms a body does not change either the weight of the body or its inertia.
热在加热物体时，既不会改变物体的重量,也不会改变物体的惯性。
22The yeast produces a mixture of enzymes which bring about this fermentation.

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