硫酸法制备石膏的生产工艺流程英语
    Production Process of Gypsum by Sulfuric Acid Method.
    Introduction.
    Gypsum, chemically known as calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O), is a naturally occurring mineral widely used in various industries, including construction, agriculture, and manufacturing. The sulfuric acid method is a commonly employed process for producing gypsum synthetically, involving the reaction between calcium carbonate (limestone) and sulfuric acid.
    Process Description.
    The production process of gypsum by the sulfuric acid method typically consists of the following steps:
    1. Limestone Preparation.
    Limestone, the primary raw material, is sourced from quarries and undergone size reduction to obtain a fine powder. This powder is then fed into a ball mill for further grinding to achieve the desired particle size distribution.
    2. Calcination.
    The pulverized limestone is subjected to calcination in a rotary kiln at temperatures ranging from 900 to 1100°C. This process decomposes the calcium carbonate into calcium oxide (lime) and carbon dioxide, which is released as a byproduct.
    3. Hydrating.
    The calcined lime is transferred to a hydrating vessel, where it is mixed with water to create a slurry. This hydration process results in the formation of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2].
    4. Acid Reaction.
    The calcium hydroxide slurry is then reacted with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a reactor. This reaction leads to the precipitation of gypsum in the form of crystals.
    5. Filtration and Drying.
    The slurry containing gypsum crystals is filtered to separate the solid gypsum from the liquid. The solid gypsum is then washed to remove any impurities and subsequently dried in a rotary dryer to reduce its moisture content.
    6. Grinding and Packaging.
    The dried gypsum is ground to the desired fineness and then packaged in bags or bulk containers for distribution to various end-use industries.
    Reaction Chemistry.
    The sulfuric acid method for gypsum production involves the following chemical reactions:
    Calcination: CaCO3 (limestone) → CaO (lime) + CO2 (carbon dioxide)。
    Hydration: CaO (lime) + H2O (water) → Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide)。reaction injection molding
    Acid Reaction: Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) → CaSO4·2H2O (gypsum) + H2O (water)。
    Applications of Gypsum.
    Synthetic gypsum produced by the sulfuric acid method finds applications in numerous industries, including:
    Construction: As a binder in building materials such as plaster, drywall, and cement; as a molding material for statues and architectural ornaments.
    Agriculture: As a soil amendment to improve soil structure and provide essential nutrients to plants.
    Manufacturing: As a filler in paper, paints, and plastics; as a polishing agent in abrasives;
as a flux in the production of glass and ceramics.
    Advantages of Sulfuric Acid Method.
    The sulfuric acid method offers several advantages for gypsum production:
    High Gypsum Yield: The process allows for efficient conversion of limestone into gypsum, maximizing the utilization of raw materials.
    Controllable Crystal Size: The reaction conditions can be optimized to produce gypsum crystals of desired size and morphology, tailored to specific applications.
    Cost-Effectiveness: The process is relatively economical, as sulfuric acid is a readily available and affordable reagent.

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