doi:10.13241/jki.pmb.2020.24.007
酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊联合四联疗法对幽门螺杆菌阳性胃溃疡患者血清炎症因子、胃肠激素和胃蛋酶原亚的影响*
武岳12刘华一2祁禹德I叶蓝月I徐一舟I
(1天津中医药大学研究生院天津301617;2天津市中医药研究院附属医院脾胃科天津300120)
摘要目的:探讨酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊联合四联疗法对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性胃溃疡患者血清炎症因子、胃肠激素和胃蛋酶原亚的影响。方法:选择天津市中医药研究院附属医院于2017年2月~2020年3月期间收治的Hp阳性胃溃疡患者100例,按信封抽签法随机分为对照组(50例,采用四联疗法)、观察组(50例,采用酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊联合四联疗法)。对比两组患者疗效、血清炎症因子、胃肠激素、胃蛋酶原亚、Hp根除率及不良反应。结果:4周后,观察组患者的总有效率为92.00%(46/50),高于对照组患者的70.00%(35/50)(P<0.05)o观察组4周后白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-a(TNF-a)、降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平低于对照组(片0.05)。观察组4周后胃泌素(GAS)低于对照组,胃动素(MTL)高于对照组(片0.05)。观察组4周后胃蛋白酶原I(PG I)、胃蛋白酶原II(PGII)水平较对照组更低(P<0.05)o对比两组不良反应发生率无差异(P>0.05)。观察组的Hp根除率为94.00%(47/50),较对照组的72.00%(36/50)更高(片0.05)。结论:酪酸梭菌活■菌胶囊联合四联疗法Hp阳性胃溃疡患者,可取得
显著疗效,提高Hp根除率,改善血清炎症因子、胃肠激素和胃蛋酶原亚,且安全性较好。
关键词:酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊;四联疗法;幽门螺杆菌阳性;胃溃疡;炎症因子;胃肠激素;胃蛋酶原亚
中图分类号:R573.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1673-6273(2020)24-4631-04
Effect of Clostridium Butyricum Capsule Combined with Quadruple Therapy on Serum Inflammatory Factors,Gastrointestinal Hormones and Progastrin Subsets in Patients with Helicobacter Pylori Positive Gastric Ulcer
*
WU Yue1'2,LIUHua-yP,QI Yu-de1,YELan-yue',XU Yi-zhou'
(1Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin,301617,China;
2Department of S pleen and Stomach,Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin,300120,China) ABSTRACT Objective:To investigate the effect of Clostridium butyricum capsule combined with quadruple therapy on serum in­flammatory factors,gastrointestinal ho
rmones and progastrin subsets in patients with Helicobacter pylori(HP)positive gastric ulcer. Methods:100cases of HP positive gastric ulcer patients who were admitted in Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chi­nese Medicine from February2017to March2020were selected,they were randomly divided into control group(50cases,treated with quadruple),observation group(50cases,treated with Clostridium butyricum capsule combined with quadruple)by envelope lottery method.The efficacy,serum inflammatory factors,gastrointestinal hormones,progastrin subsets,Hp eradication rate and adverse reac­tions of patients in the two groups were compared.Results:After4weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of patients in the observa­tion group was92.00%(46/50),which was higher than70.00%(35/50)of patients in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of inter­leukin・6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),procalcitonin(PCT),C-reactive protein(CRP)in the observation group were lower than those of the control group after4weeks of treatment(P<0.05).The levels of gastrin(GAS),motilin(MTL)in the observation group were lower than those of the control group after4weeks of treatment(P<0.05).The levels of pepsinogen I(PG I)and pepsinogen II (PG II)in the observation group were lower than those of the control group after4weeks of treatment(P<0.05).There was no difference in incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups(/^>0.05).The94.00%(47/50)of Hp eradication rate in the observation group was higher than72.00%(36/50)of the control group.Conclusion:Clostridium butyricum capsule combined with quad
ruple therapy in the treatment of Hp positive gastric ulcer patients,can achieve significant curative effect,improve HP eradication rate,improve serum inflammatory factors,gastrointestinal hormones and progastrin subsets,and has good safety.
Key words:Clostridium butyricum capsule;Quadruple therapy;Helicobacter pylori positive;Gastric ulcer;Inflammatory factors; Gastrointestinal hormones;Progastrin subgroup
Chinese Library Classification(CLC):R573.1Document code:A
Article ID:1673-6273(2020)24-4631-04
*基金项目:天津市卫计委卫生行业重点攻关项目(15KG149)
作者简介:武§(1994-),男,硕士,住院医师,研究方向:消化系统疾病,E-mail:*****************
(收稿日期:2020-06-23接受日期:2020-07-17)
«*-—>—
刖a
胃溃疡是脾胃科常见病,可由各种致病因素的刺激下引发,发病时出现胃黏膜损坏,继而引起粘膜脱落,导致炎症,该病存在致病菌易感人,极易复发。胃溃疡的主要临床症状包括腹胀、上腹痛、恶心、反酸、呕吐等,严重者可引发穿孔、消化道出血、癌变等并发症,危及患者性命冋。胃溃疡的发病原因较多,包括幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染、心理应激反应、饮食因素等,其中以Hp感染最为常见阿。埃索美拉哩四联疗法是临床Hp 阳性胃溃疡的常用方案,可获得一定效果,但部分患者对此方案并不敏感,效果不佳,这对患者预后的改善造成影响㈣。微生态制剂的研发给患者带来福音,目前临床上已将其用于Hp阳性胃溃疡,并取得了一定的成效。本研究对天津市中医药研究院附属医院收治的部分Hp阳性胃溃疡患者给予酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊联合四联疗法,观察其疗效.旨在为临床该病提供一定的依据。
1资料与方法
1.1临床资料
选择天津市中医药研究院附属医院于2017年2月-2020年3月期间收治的Hp阳性胃溃疡患者100例。纳入标准:(1)研究获得天津市中医药研究院附属医院伦理委员会同意;(2)诊断参考《内科学》叫行M C尿素呼气试验并确认为Hp感染阳性;(3)精神正常,无认知功能障碍;(4)入组前1个月内未接受胃酸抑制剂、抗生素等药物的;(5)年龄220岁者;(6)对本研究知情并签署同意书。排除标准:
(1)依从性差,难以遵从医嘱用药者;(2)对本研究用药禁忌者;(3)合并心肝肾等脏器功能不全者;(4)存在胃肠道手术史者;(5)妊娠期或哺乳期女性;(6)合并恶性肿瘤者。按信封抽签法将患者分为对照组(n=50)、观察组(n=50)。对照组男30例,女20例,平均年龄(43.89±  4.61)岁,平均病程(2.35±0.87)年,平均溃疡直径(10.84±  1.81)mm,平均体质量指数(23.64土  1.27)kg/m2o观察组男31例,女19例,平均年龄(44.51±  5.36)岁,平均病程(2.42±0.96)年,平均溃疡直径(11.97±  1.92)mm,平均体质量指数(23.95±  1.36)kg/m2o对比两组一般资料无差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2方法
给予对照组四联疗法,具体如下:埃索美拉哩镁肠溶片(江西山香药业有限公司,国药准字H20203298,规格:按C I7H…N3O3S计20mg)口服,20mg/次,2次/d;阿莫西林胶囊(上海衡山药业有限公司,国药准字H31021098,规格:按C16H19N3O5S计0.25g)口服,10mg/次,2次/d;克拉霉素胶囊(上海普康药业有限公司,国药准字H20067096,规格:0.125g)口服,500mg/次,2次/d;枸椽酸锂钾[济南恒基制药有限公司,国药准字H20003101,规格:每粒含枸椽酸祕钾0.3g(以钮计110mg)]口服,60mg/次,2次/d。观察组采用四联疗法联合酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊(重庆泰平药业有限公司,国药准字S2*******,规格:每粒胶囊含药粉0.2g,有效期内含活酪酸梭菌25x107CFU/g,每粒胶囊内含活酪酸梭菌》I*1CTCFU),四联疗法用药方案同对照组,酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊口服,400mg/次,3次/d。两组均
连续4周。
1.3观察指标
(1)比较两组总有效率、Hp根除率及不良反应发生率.14C尿素呼气试验检测结果呈阴性则提示Hp根除。(2)采集患者清晨空腹外周静脉血液,采血时间前、4周后,血液样本经离心处理(3100r/min离心13min,离心半径14cm),分离血清后置于冰箱中待测。白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-a(TNF-a),降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)以及胃蛋白酶原I(PG I)、胃蛋白酶原IKPGII)采用酶联免疫吸附法检测,胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MTL)采用放射免疫法检测,试剂盒购自南京森贝伽生物技术有限公司,按照试剂盒说明书严格操作。
1.4疗效评定标准
显效:胃镜检查溃疡面积减少超过75%,症状、体征基本消失;有效:患者症状显著改善.溃疡数量减少50%〜75%;无效:溃疡面积减少不足一半,症状、体征较前无明显改善或有加重趋势。总有效率=显效率+有效率%溃疡面积计算'叫经溃疡中心测量横径与纵径,面积=(最大纵径/2M(最大横径/2)X TT。
1.5统计学方法
使用SPSS20.0软件分析数据。计数资料以百分数表示,组间比较采用卡方检验。计量资料均为符合正态分布的连续变量,使用均数土标准差表示,行t检验,检验水平为a=0.05o
2结果
2.1两组近期疗效对比
4周后,观察组患者的总有效率为92.00%(46/50)高于对照组患者的70.00%(35/50),两组患者的疗效差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表10
2.2两组炎症因子比较
对比前两组炎症因子无差异(P>0.05);对比前,4周后两组IL-6、TNF-a、PCT、CRP均下降(P<0.05);观察组4周后IL-6、TNF-a、PCT、CRP水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。见表2。
表1两组近期疗效对比例(%)
Table1Comparison of short-term efficacy between the two groups n(%)
Groups Obvious effect Effective Invalid Total efficiency Control group(n=50)12(24.00)23(46.00)15(30.0
0)35(70.00) Observation group(n=50)19(38.00)27(54.00)4(8.00)46(92.00) x27.862
P 0.005
表2两组炎症因子(x± 5)
Table  2 Inflammatory  factors  in  two  groups! x± s )
Groups Time  points IL-6(ng/L)TNF-a( g/L )PCT(jxg/L)CRP(mg/L)
Before  treatment 24.19± 2.65  1.82± 0.37O.85± 0.17&44土 0.46
Control  group  (n=50)After  4 weeks  of
17.87± 1.74*  1.36± 0.32*0.68± 0.13*  6.15± 0.27*
treatment Before  treatment 24.24± 2.26  1.78± 0.460.89± 0.148.49± 0.55
Observation  group (n=50)After  4 weeks  of
12.20± 1.86*#0.96± 0.25榊0.47± 0.16*#  4.28± 034**
treatment Note: Compared  with  before  treatment, *P<0.05; compared  with  the  control  group, #P<0.05.
2.3两组胃肠激素指标比较 4周后两组GAS 更低,MTL 更高(P<0.05),且观察组
两组前胃肠激素对比无差异(/>>0.05);对比前, GAS 较对照组更低,MTL 较对照组更高(P<0.05)。见表3。
表3两组胃肠激素指标比较(壯s,ng/L)
Table  3 Comparison  of  gastrointestinal  hormone  indexes  between  the  two  groups (x± s, ng/L )
Groups Time  points GAS MTL
Control  group  (n=50)Before  treatment 142.37± 15.10332.40± 24.91
After  4 weeks  of  treatment 115.611 14.87*429.86± 23.75*
Observation  group(n=50)Before  treatment 141.85± 14.98331.36± 22.50
After  4 weeks  of  treatment 93.78± 12.74柿515.11± 19.24榊
Note: Compared  with  before  treatment, *P<0.05; compared  with  the  control  group, #P<0.05.
2.4两组胄蛋白酶原亚比较 疗前,4周后两组PG  I  ,PG  II 更低(P<0.05),且观察组较
两组前PGI 、PGII 对比组间无差异(P>0.05);对比治对照组更低(P<0.05);见表4。
表4两组胃蛋白酶原亚比较(x± $,»叽)
Table  4 Comparison  of  pepsinogen  subsets  between  the  two  groups (x± s, |ig/L )
Groups Time  points PG  I PG  II
Before  treatment 187.48± 16.8132.07± 2」6
Control  group  (n=50)After  4 weeks  of  treatment 127.10± 21.93*24.94± 2.31*
Before  treatment 186.95± 20.8632.15± 3.14
Observation  group(n=50)After  4 weeks  of  treatment 83.95± 17.97**19.78± 2.09**
Note: Compared  with  before  treatment, *P<0.05, compared  with  the  control  group, "PV0.05.
2.5两组Hp 根除率比较经4周后,对两组行14 C 尿素呼气试验。结果显示, 对照组、观察组阴性人数分别为36例、47例,从而可得对照 组、观察组 Hp  根除率分别为 72.00%( 36/50),94.00%( 47/50), 显然,观察组的Hp 根除率较对照组更高(xM.575,P=0.003)o  2.6不良反应期间,对照组岀现肠胀气、呕吐、头晕各1例,不良反 应发生率为6.00%(3/50);观察组出现肠胀气、呕吐各1例,头 晕2例,不良反应发生率为&00%(4/50);两组不良反应发生率 无差异(H. 154,40.695)。3讨论胃溃疡属消化系统疾病,有相关文献表明人中约有10% 曾存在胃溃疡发病,该病在临床上较为常见何。目前,胃溃疡的 致病机制已基本明确,Hp 感染是胃溃疡的主要致病因素之一, Hp 传播途径极其简单,因其对传染对象要求极低,故具有较强
的传染力2叫通常情况下,Hp 可在酸性环境下生长,与高胃酸 共同作用促进胃腔炎症的发生,胃炎可损坏胃组织,造成胃溃 疡叫51。临床研究也证实两胃溃疡患者中检测出Hp 感染的概率 比普通人高很多。因此,不断提升Hp 根除率,能从根源上治
愈胃溃疡,改善患者的诸多症状,现已成为临床上胃溃疡
方面的重要标杆之一。现阶段,临床上Hp 感染胃溃疡的 基础药物为质子泵抑制剂,埃索美拉醴四联疗法作为该病 的常用方法,其中埃索美拉哩能够发挥抑制胃分泌胃酸的作 用,从而阻碍胃内酸环境的快速形成,并且在此基础上,联合阿 莫西林、克拉霉素等抗菌谱较广、抑菌作用明显的抗生素,
可显 著的促进胃内环境的改善,达到有效清除Hp 的作用何。另外, 在上联合枸椽酸钮钾,可发挥枸椽酸锤钾与溃疡表面的亲 和作用,从而创建一个隔离层,构建一层保护膜,由此阻碍胃酸 对胃黏膜的进一步损伤,达到保护胃黏膜的功效,同时,枸椽酸
钮钾可促进胃肠黏膜上皮细胞分泌黏液,促进上皮细胞修复,有助于Hp的根除阴。虽然四联疗法具有较好的临床疗效,但同时也存在一定的不足,如不少常用于Hp感染的抗菌药物其耐药率处于上升趋势;抗菌药物易引起消化道不良反应问。因此,寻疗效更显著、Hp根除率更高的方法对于临床上更有效的诊治该病具有极其重要的意义。近年研究发现㈤联合微生态制剂用于Hp胃溃疡,有望进一步提高疗效,逐渐引起临床重视。
在多种肠道疾病上,相比于其他微生态制剂,酪酸梭菌活菌制剂能表现岀更好的效果。此次研究在四联疗法的基础上联合酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊Hp胃溃疡,结果显示,酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊联合四联疗法可提高Hp根除率,取得显著疗效。究其原因,临床中常用的抗菌药物在胃部环境中的活性较低,且无法直接穿透黏液层作用于病原菌。而酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊活性较高,能够与肠道内的益生菌共存,有效纠正胃肠道微生态失衡㈡也。有研究表明㈤,酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊可在胃内形成一个低pH环境,究其原因,为其在发挥药效的过程中,可生成短链脂肪酸,从而营造酸性胃环境,抑制胃溃疡致病菌的繁殖,进而阻止Hp定植于胃黏膜。酪酸梭菌还可通过分泌大量免疫球蛋白,提高机体免疫力,从而提高Hp根除率。进一步观察实验指标发现,酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊联合四联疗法可有效改善Hp胃溃疡患者血清炎症
因子、胃肠激素和胃蛋酶原亚水平。GAS具有强大的刺激胃酸分泌的效应,当胃黏膜受损时,其水平迅速升高凶。MTL的主要作用是刺激胃肠道和胆道的运动,可促进胃排空PG是反应胃黏膜状态较为可靠的血清学指标,血清PGI、PGII的水平高低与胃黏膜腺体细胞的功能状况有关,在一定程度上能反应出机体胃黏膜的状态好坏曲。而IL-6.TNF-a.PCT.CRP等炎症因子可通过促进淋巴细胞分化和抗体产生,参与胃黏膜的受损进程㈤。以往有研究结果证实IL-6水平与Hp阳性感染严重程度呈正相关冏。酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊可通过分泌和释放丁酸,修复受损的肠黏膜,并抑制炎症因子分泌和腐败菌的滋生,从而改善胃肠道环境0旳。同时在本研究过程中,两组不良反应发生率组间对比无差异,然而,临床也有实践证表明酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊的某些菌株可引起食物中毒等不良反应,故而在期间用药仍需多加注意,其联合用药的安全性有待进一步扩大样本量的研究加以验证。
综上所述,在四联疗法基础上配合酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊应用于临床Hp阳性胃溃疡患者,安全性较好,可取得显著疗效与较高的Hp根除率,其具体作用机制可能与降低血清炎症因子水平,调节胃肠激素和胃蛋酶原亚水平有关。
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