MySQL登录命令详解
MySQL登录命令详解
⼀、登录命令语法格式
mysql -u⽤户名[-h主机名] -p密码[-P端⼝号][-D数据库名][-eMySQL命令][-S socket⽂件名]
参数说明：
（1）【-u⽤户名】或者【–user=⽤户名】：指定⽤户登录的⽤户名；
（2）【-p密码（p⼩写）】或者【–password=密码】：输⼊登录密码；
（3）【-h主机名或ip地址】或者【–host=主机名ip地址】：指定登录的主机名；
（4）【-P端⼝号（P⼤写）】或者【–port=端⼝号】：指定登录的MySQL的端⼝号；
（5）【-D数据库名】或者【–database=数据库名】：指定登录的数据库名称；
（6）【-S socket⽂件名】或者【–socket=socket⽂件名】：指定登录时使⽤的socket⽂件名。
（7）【-e MySQL命令】或者【–execute= MySQL命令】：在不登录MySQL的情况下执⾏MySQL命令。
⼆、登录本地数据库
如果需要登录本地数据库，只需要指定⽤户名（-u）和密码（-p）即可，不需要指定主机名（-h），命令如下：
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -pWgx123456.
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.27-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h'for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
三、登录远程数据库
如果希望登录远程数据库服务器，则必须在远程的MySQL服务器中创建登录账号并授予相应的访问权限。然后使⽤（-h）参数指定远程服务器的IP地址，使⽤（-P）参数指定远程服务器中MySQL的端⼝号。
1、先在IP地址为192.168.1.11的MySQL服务器中创建登录账户’zhang’@'192.168.1.%'并授予访问权限。命令如下：
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-------------+---------------+
| host        | user          |
+-------------+---------------+
| 192.168.1.% | zhang        |
2、在IP地址为192.168.1.12的机器中执⾏如下登录命令：
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uzhang -h192.168.1.11 -pWgx123456. -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.27-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
四、登录指定的数据库
使⽤show database查看MySQL服务器中的数据库如下：
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database          |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| my_db              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test              |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
然后退出MySQL，再使⽤如下的命令登录MySQL：
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -pWgx123456. -Dmy_db
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 5.7.27-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| my_db      |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
可以看出，登录到MySQL之后进⼊了 my_db数据库。
五、使⽤（-e）参数在不登录MySQL的情况下执⾏MySQL命令[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "use my_db;select * from stu where class='物流1班';"
Enter password:
+------+-----------+--------+-----+------------+
| s_id | name      | gender | age | class      |
+------+-----------+--------+-----+------------+
下载mysql服务端命令|    1 |张平|男|  20 |物流1班|
|    2 |王刚|男|  21 |物流1班|
|    3 |刘静|⼥|  18 |物流1班|
|    4 |张静静|⼥|  21 |物流1班|
|    5 |刘涛|男|  19 |物流1班|
+------+-----------+--------+-----+------------+

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