英译汉常用的方法和技巧
英译汉常用的方法和技巧
引导语：英译汉常用的方法和技巧，由应届毕业生培训网整理而成，谢谢您的阅读，祝您阅读愉快。
一、 词义的选择、引申和褒贬
1.一词多义(Polysemy)
regular
regular reading / regular job / regular flight / regular visitor / regular speed / regular army / gasoline
delicate
delicate skin / porcelain / upbringing / living / health / stomach / vase / diplomatic question / difference / surgical operation / ear for music / sense of smell / touch / food
2.注意有线词的词义
He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experience and wisdom.
He now saw plainly the meaning of all. In the beginning, he had got a job the first day; but now he was second-hand, a damaged article, and they did not want him. They had got the best out of him, and now they had thrown him away. The situation had now become desperate. Then came another incident.
3.词义的引申(Extension or Generalization)
1) Extend the word meaning to cover an abstraction concept
His novel is a mirror of the times.
The OED is the final court of appeal in all matters concerning English words.
Sam knows he can depend on his family, rain or shine.
2) Extend the word meaning to cover a specific concept
In two years, he was a national phenomenon.
Public opinion is demanding more and more that something be done about noise.
Mary’s father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Jane, Mary’s half-sister.
4.词义的褒贬(Commendatory and Derogatory)
The reckless driver died in the traffic accident.
Poor Joe’s panic lasted for two or three days; during which he did not visit the house.
It was time to hold a court and the subject for discussion was the future of that prisoner.
John was an aggressive salesman who did his job quite well.
The invaders met a stubborn resistance from the local people.
She was vexed by the persistent ringing of the phone.
5.Exercises
I have no opinion of that sort of man.
She put five dollars into my hand. “You have been a great man today.”
I’m afraid you’re being too particular about your food.
I was the youngest son, and the youngest but two.
The picture flattered her.
The country not agreeing with her, she returned to England.
二、 词类转译法
(一)转译成动词
(1)名词转译动词(Convert nouns into verbs)
My admiration for him grew more.
He said he did not know whether Tom was ready for a showdown.
To some extent it gets into the question of the chicken or the egg.
The Nobel prizes in physics and chemistry were rewarded to Americans, giving the U.S. a clean sweep of all the 1976 Nobel prizes in the sciences.sort of army
Television is the transmission and reception of image of moving objects by radio waves.
In the absence of friction, the vehicle could not even be started.
Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.
I am no drinker, nor smoker.
The application of electronic computers makes a tremendous rise in labor productivity.
(2)介词转译成动词(Convert prepositions into verbs)
There are many substances through which electric currents will not flow at all.
We are fortunate in our opponent.
Captain Ford was between the sheets by 9 last night.
The most he is after at this time is a chance to get more money.
I tried to talk him out of the idea, but he was unpleasant.
Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty.
“Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.
(3)形容词转译成动词(Convert adjectives into verbs)
He said the meeting was informative.
They were news-hungry.
It was a very informative meeting.
(4)副词转译成动词(Convert adverbs into verbs)
The experiment in chemistry was ten minutes behind.
It has snowed over.
Why should we let in foreign goods when Americans walk the streets because they can’t sell their own goods?
(二)转译成名词
(1)动词转译成名词(Convert verbs into nouns)
She knows what’s what.
They thought differently.
TV differs from radio in that it sends and receives pictures.
The computer is chiefly characterized by its accurate and rapid computations.
He roared, which threatened his enemies away.
The man I saw at the party looked and talked like an American.
(2)形容词转译成名词
The new treaty would be good for ten years.
The language of the poem is colloquial, yet it’s deep in its understanding of human emotions.
Then the monkeys were trained according to different plans so as to make them highly individualized.

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