落堕市安心阳光实验学校高考常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列（二）
重点单词详解
1．struggle vt.努力；抗争；挣扎 n. 斗争；挣扎
struggle against / with 与……抗争
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle with sb 与某人搏斗 
为……而斗争
1)It was the year when Britain declared ________ on Germany.  那是英国对德国宣战的一年。
2)She will not give up her children  ________  ________.她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。
【答案】　1)war　2)without struggle
struggle, war, battle和fight用法辨析
struggle指为了获得某物而努力奋斗或彼此打架，也指为了逃避攻击而与某人搏斗。
war指国家间、民族间的战争的总称。
battle指规模较小的战争。
fight指具体的争夺，可以指人类之间的战斗也可以指动物间的战斗。
(1)用struggle的适当形式填空
1)The ________  for independence was long and hard.
2)The prisoners ________  ________ their captors but couldn't escape.
3)The two leaders are ________  ________ power.
【答案】　1)struggle  2)struggled against  3)struggling for
(2)名校押题
In the past, my parents ________  to bring my brother and me up and afford our education, they had a hard life.
A．worked  　B．helped        C．contributed    D．struggled
【答案与解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。 contribute “贡献；有助于”；struggle“挣扎；奋斗”。 题意：在以前，父母为把我和哥哥养大并供我们读书而奋斗，度过了一段艰难的时光。
2．compete vi.比赛；竞赛；抗争
compete in 参加比赛
compete for 为争取……而竞争
compete with / against sb 同某人竞争(比赛)
competition n. 比赛；竞争
competitor n. 竞争者
competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的
1)China has to ________  ________ other countries for world market.
中国必须与其他国家争夺国际市场。
2)He took part in the ________  for the glory of the school. 他为学校的荣誉参加了比赛。
3)The two friends were ________for the position of monitor. 那两位朋友在竞争班长一事上是对手。
【答案】　1)compete with / against　2)competition  3)competitors
(1)用compete的适当形式填空
1)Several companies ________  ________  ________ the contract.
2)The horse ________  ________  ________ the Grand National four times.
3)Will you________ ________ the swimming race?
4)Sometimes there's a lot of  ________ among children for their mother's attention.
【答案】　1)are competing for　2)has competed in  3)compete in　4)competition
(2)名校押题
Apple and Microsoft ________ with each other for the world market to sell more PC with their own free software.
A．compare        B．compete        C．fight        D．deal
【答案与解析】　B　考查动词词义辨析。 compare with “与……相比”；compete with“与……竞争”； fight with“和……争辩；一起做斗争”； deal with “处理；讨论”。题意：苹果公司和微软公司在世界市场上为了卖更多的带有自己免费软件的电脑而相互竞争。
3．commit vt.犯(错误)；干(坏事)；把……交给；提交；答应责任
commitment  n. 承诺；义务；保证
commit a murder 犯谋杀罪 
commit an error 做错事
commit suicide 自杀
commit oneself on 对……表态；向某人保证
commit oneself to 委身于；专心致志于
1)The patient ________  ________  ________ the hospital.  病人被托付给医院。
sort of army
2)He didn't ________  himself to anything. 他没有做出任何承诺。
3)The judge ________ him to ten year's imprisonment. 法官判处他十年有期徒刑。
4)I ________ an error in handling the business. 我承认在处理这一业务上犯了错误。
【答案】　1)was committed to　2)commit　3)committed  4)Committed
(1)用commit 的适当形式填空
1)He would not  ________  himself in any way.
2)I never ________  ________  ________such issue.
3)He has ________  himself to support his brother's children.
【答案】　1)commit　2)commit myself to　3)committed
(2)名校押题
Mary has just got an invitation to the party.She is now in a ________  as to whether to go there in her old dress or to stay at home.
A．bargain    B．preference  C．commitment  D．dilemma
【答案与解析】　D　考查名词词义。 bargain“讨价还价”；preference“喜欢的事物 ”；commitment“承诺；义务；保证”；dilemma“左右为难；窘境”。  题意：Mary刚刚接到一份聚会邀请。但是她现在处在一个进退两难的境遇中，因为她在考虑是穿着自己的旧晚礼服去参加舞会还是待在家。
4．involve v．使(某事物)成为必要条件或结果；需要；使卷入；涉及；包括
involve doing sth 需要做某事
involve sb in doing sth 使某人加入/参加做某事
be involved in 与……有关系
be involved with sb 与某人关系密切
1)Several officials ________  ________  ________  the matter. 几位官员被卷入这件事中。
2)Don't  ________  ________  ________ your own business.别把我牵扯到你的事情中去。
3)All the children  ________  ________  ________ the school play.
所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的节目。
4)Being a quiet sort of fellow, I didn't want to  ________  ________.
作为一个喜欢清静的人，我不想介入。
【答案】　1)were involved in　2)involve me in　3)were involved in　4)get involved
(1)用involve的适当形式填空
1)The first series  ________ several basic steps.
2)He ________  ________  ________ a heated argument.
3)The witness's statement  ________ you  ________  the robbery.
【答案】　1)involves　2)was involved in　3)involves; in
(2)名校押题
He came back and sadly told his wife that more than one defendant(被告) ________  in the case.
A．is involved    B．are involved  C．was involved  D．were involved

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。