高中英语be certain与be sure的区别与伴随状语的用法
1 、be certain/ be sure
be uncertain about 意思是“ 对…… 不确定(没把握)”
uncertain 的词根是certain, 意思是“ 确信的,有把握的” ,常用于以下结构:
(1)be certain(sure) to do sth.“ 肯定会做……” (表示某事将要发生)。如:
He is certain(sure) to come next Sunday.
(2)be certain(sure) of/ about sth.“ 确信、有把握” (表示某个人的思想状态)。如:
We are certain/ sure of victory.
(3) 名词从句作主语时,一般多用certain.
It is certain that he will come.
2 、be different from 与…… 不同
Your idea is different from mine. 你的想法和我的不同。
对比:make sb./ sth. different from 使某人/ 某物不同于……
Her special accent makes her different from others. 她特殊的口音使她与众不同。
3 、be familiar with/be familiar to
be familiar with 的主语是有生命的事,意为“ 某人对人、事熟悉” ;be familiar to 的主语是无生命的事物,意为“ 某人/ 事为某人所熟悉” ,对比:He is very familiar with the names of plants in English. 他很熟悉植物的英语名称。Suzhou and Hangzhou are familiar to many foreigners. 苏州和杭州为许多外国人所熟悉。
I’m not familiar with European history./European history is not familiar to me. 我对欧洲历史不太熟悉。
注意:be familiar with/to 还表示“ 精通、通晓”
如:French is as familiar to him as English. 他对法语就象对英语一样精通。
[ 应用] 一句多译
①这些事实是每个学生都熟悉的。
②她精通4 种语言。
Key:①These facts are familiar to every schoolboy./Every shoolboy is familiar with these facts.
②She is familiar with four languages./Four languages are familiar to her.
高中英语伴随状语的用法
1 、伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词
He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased.
本句有三个并列谓语,looking 部分为伴随状语。
例题1 He held up his finger ,_______ a face and nodded his head. A making B. made
答案:B. 此题有and ,需连接并列结构,所填词的形式应与前后保持一致。
2) He sat there in silence, _______sad and doing nothing. A. looking B. looked
答案:A. 此题and 之后ing 形式,其前面也应该用ing 形式,而不能与前面的sat 并列。
3)He sat there in silence ,______ nothing. A.doing B.did
be about to
答案:A. 此题才是在逗号之后,需要伴随状误。
4)He set out early, ________ there on time . A.arriving B. and arrived
答案:B. 此题两种选项从形式看都有可能,但根据意思看,到达并不伴随出发的动作,而是明显地有先有后。
5)He made a smile, _____ with the result. A. satisfying B. satisfied
答案:B. 伴随状语可用现在分词也可用过去分词,此处表示感到满意的一种状态,而sati
sfying 表示令人满意的,此时的satisfied 是过去分词,而不是过去式。
2 be about to do sth.
be about to do sth. 正要、即将做某事。是将来时的一种表达方式,表示最近的将来。
①I was about to go to bed when he called. 我正要去睡觉,这时他打来了电话。
②When I saw Tom, he was about to get on the bus. 我看到汤姆,他正要上汽车。
注意:be about to 通常不用于带有具体时间状语的句子,但可用be going to 表示。
①Hurry up! They are about to start. 快点!他们就要走了。
②Hurry up! They are going to start at 10 oclock. 快点!10 点钟他们就要走了。
3 be ahead of
该词组有两层意思,一是优于超过;二是…… …… 的前面。如:
He is well ahead of all the other students in English.
be angry with sb.生某人的气。
be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气。
①Dont be angry with me for my being late? 不要因为我迟到而生我的气。
②What are you angry about? 你生什么气?
③He was angry at being kept waiting for so long. 让他等了这么久,他很生气。

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