when的五个句型
when是一个常用的连词,它可以引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”。在英语中,when的用法有五种基本的句型,分别是:
S + V + when + S + V
S + be V-ing + when + S + V
S + be about to V + when + S + V
S + had (not) V-ed + when + S + V
S + had just V-ed + when + S + V
下面我们来看看这五种句型的具体用法和例句。
一、S + V + when + S + V
这种句型表示主句和从句的动作是同时发生或先后发生的。从句中的动词可以是延续性的或非延续性的。例如:
He arrived when I was leaving. 他到达的时候我正要离开。(先后发生,从句中的动词是延续性的)
She called me when she got home. 她到家的时候给我打电话。(先后发生,从句中的动词是非延续性的)We often play chess when we have free time. 我们有空的时候经常下棋。(同时发生,从句中的动词是延续性的)
He always smiles when he sees me. 他每次见到我都会笑。(同时发生,从句中的动词是非延续性的)二、S + be V-ing + when + S + V
这种句型表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中,主句中的动词必须是延续性的,从句中的动词可以是延续性的或非延续性的。例如:
He was reading a book when I came in. 我进来的时候他正在看书。(主句和从句都是延续性动词)
She was sleeping when the phone rang. 电话响的时候她正在睡觉。(主句是延续性动词,从句是非延续性动词)
They were talking when the teacher entered the classroom. 老师进教室的时候他们正在说话。(主句和从句都是延续性动词)
He was watching TV when it started to rain. 开始下雨的时候他正在看电视。(主句是延续性动词,从句是非延续性动词)
三、S + be about to V + when + S + V
这种句型表示主句的动作即将发生,但被从句的动作打断或阻止了。主句中的be about to表示“即将”,从句中的动词可以是延续性的或非延续性的。例如:
He was about to leave when someone knocked at the door. 他正要离开,这时有人敲门。(从句中的动词是非延续性的)
She was about to take a shower when the water stopped running. 她正要洗澡,这时水停了。(从句中的动词是非延续性的)
They were about to have dinner when the power went out. 他们正要吃晚餐,这时电停了。(从句中的动词是非延续性的)
He was about to finish his homework when his mother called him. 他正要完成作业,这时他妈妈叫他。
(从句中的动词是非延续性的)
四、S + had (not) V-ed + when + S + V
这种句型表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前,主句中的had (not) V-ed表示“过去完成时”,从句中的动词必须是一般过去时。例如:
He had left when I got there. 我到那里的时候他已经走了。(主句发生在从句之前)
She had not finished her report when the deadline came. 截止日期到了的时候她还没有完成她的报告。
(主句发生在从句之前)
They had already seen the movie when I invited them. 我邀请他们的时候他们已经看过那部电影了。(主句发生在从句之前)
He had just turned off the light when he heard a scream. 他刚刚关掉灯就听到一声尖叫。(主句发生在从句之前)
五、S + had just V-ed + when + S + V
这种句型表示主句的动作刚刚发生,紧接着从句的动作发生了,主句中的had just V-ed表示“过去完成时”,从句中的动词必须是一般过去时。例如:
He had just finished his homework when his father came back. 他刚刚做完作业,这时他父亲回来了。(主句刚发生,从句紧接着发生)
She had just got on the bus when it started to move. 她刚刚上了公共汽车,这时它开始行驶了。(主句刚发生,从句紧接着发生)
They had just arrived at the airport when the plane took off. 他们刚刚到达机场,这时飞机起飞了。(主句刚发生,从句紧接着发生)
He had just put down the phone when it rang again. 他刚刚放下电话,这时它又响了。(主句刚发生,从句紧接着发生)
以上就是when的五个基本句型的介绍,希望对你有所帮助。
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