常用英语时态总复习
按构成和状态可分四类：一般时(单个V原 / V-ed，可借助于助动词do[多形] + V原 构成否定句和疑问句)、进行时(借助于助动词be[多形]+V-ing)、将来时(借助于助动词will[多形]+ V原)、完成时（借助于助动词have[多形]+ V-ed）
动词时态一：一般现在时
①表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。②表示主语通常的能力、兴趣爱好、和性格特征。③表示客观的事实或真理。④表示按照时刻表或已经计划安排好的将来行为。（只限于是go, come, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, stop, be等表示开始或移动意义的词。）⑤在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用一般现在时表将来。
当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es。除此之外都用动词原形。
1. He______(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.
2. He______(have, has) classes in the afternoon.
3. He______(get, gets) up at half past six every morning.
4. He always _____(come, comes ) to school on time.
5. He ______(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.
6. One and two _____(be, is, are) three.
7. Blue and yellow _____(make, makes) green.
8. The earth _____(move, moves) round the sun.
9. I will go there if I ____( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.
10. I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has) time tomorrow.
11. He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are) invited.
12. I’ll wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come) back.
13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish) reading it.
14. Once you _____(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.
时间状语：--- sometimes/often/usually/always/now/never/seldom/every morning/once a month---
动词第三人称单数形式变化规则：
规则
动词原形
一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/；在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)
Play→plays  leave→leaves
swim→swims
以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es，读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。
pass →passes  fix→fixes
teach→teaches  wish→wishes
do→does
以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i, 再加-es,读/z/
study→studies  carry→carries
fly→flies
在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es
动词时态二：一般过去时(提示：使用动词的过去式)
be about to表示具体的某个过去时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。有具体的表过去的时间状语时使用一般过去时，如：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。谓语动词使用过去式形式，加ed，分为规则和不规则变化。表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to doing”和“would +动词原形”。
15. He____(be, was,  were, been) here a moment ago.
16. They ____(be, was, were, been) here just now.
17. The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.
18. Last week we ______(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.
19. When I was a child, I often ____(play, played) football.
20. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).
时间状语：---yesterday/yesterday morning/the day before yesterday/last week/last month/last year/three years ago/a few days earlier/the other day(=a few days ago)/in 1999/after three months/ two days later/at that time/ just now/ in the past/ in those days/one day/ once / at one time---
动词过去式的变化规则：
构成规则
动词原形
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/。
look→looked  play→played
work→worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d
like→liked  live→lived
hope→hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed
plan→planned  stop→stopped
drop→dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变“y”为“I”再加-ed
study→studies  worry→worries
cry→cries
动词时态三：现在进行时（am/is/are +v-ing）
现在进行时①表示说话时正在进行的动作。②表示现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定进行）③同always配合使用时，带有厌恶、批评，不喜欢等感情彩。
21.I ____(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now.
22.Look, it _____(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain.
23.They ____(study, is studying, am studying, are studying) medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde these days.
24.He _____(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.
时间状语：---now/these days/ at present/ at this time--- 提示动词look/ listen---
动词V-ing的构成规则：
规则
原形
一般在动词原形末尾加-ing
listen→listening  spend→spending
stay→staying
以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing
have→having  prepare→preparing
close→closing
以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing
sit→sitting  begin→beginning
run→running  put→putting
以ie为重读音节结尾的动词，先去掉e,把i改为y,再加-ing
lie→lying
die→dying
以er结尾的动词，如是重读音节结尾，先双写r，再加-ing；如不是重读音节结尾，就直接加-ing
prefer→preferring
water→watering
动词时态四：过去进行时(was/were+ v-ing)
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
25.I _____(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking) breakfast when you arrived.
26.What ____you_____( do, did, doing, were…doing) at this time yesterday evening?
27.We_____(have, are having, had, were having) dinner when the doorbell rang.
28.While/ When/ As we____( have, had, are having, were having) dinner, the doorbell rang.
时间状语: then/ at that time/at this time yesterday/ yesterday evening/last night/ when+时间状语从句)---
动词时态五：一般将来时（will +V原 ，等）
一般将来时, 表示从现在看将来的动作或状态，构成:①will,shall+动词原形，其中shall只用于
第一人称。②be going to +动词原形，表示主观打算，按计划，安排要发生的事情。 ③be to +动词原形，表示客观安排 ④ be about to +不定式，意为马上要做某事，正要做某事。⑤某些动词，可用进行时态表将来，如come, go, arrive, leave。⑥在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用一般现在时表将来。⑦一般现在时可表示按时间表发生的将来的动作(限start, begin, arrive, end, close, leave---等表示开始或移动意义的词)

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