Unit 3 Back to the past
Grammar and usage: Predicative clauses
◆内容分析：
本板块围绕单元话题，引导学生在有关“史学家司马迁”的语篇这个观察、探究表语从句的使用情况，自主归纳其核心规则。再通过单句、语篇两个层面的巩固练习让学生内化新知；最后让学生运用所学，准确、恰当、得体地使用目标语法，完成具体情境中的写作任务，实现“形式——意义——使用”的统一。
◆教学目标：
By the end of this section, students will be able to:
1.identify the use of predicative clauses;
2.work out the rules of predicative clauses;
3.use predicative clauses to finish related tasks;
4.write a short paragraph based on each of the situation using predictive clauses.
◆教学重难点：
1. To summarize the general rules.
2. To apply the rules correctly and properly.
◆教学过程：
Step 1 Lead-in
Show a picture to the student and ask a question: What do you know about the great historian Sima Qian?
Born in either 145 or 135 BCE, during China’s Han dynasty, Sima Qian is “the father of Chinese history”. Sima Qian wrote Shi Ji, or Records of the Historian.
A    Exploring the rules
Step 2 Have students read the essay on page 34 and answer the following questions.
1. What is the essay about?
2. What greatest achievement did Sima Qian make?
3. What contributed to Sima Qian’s success?
Possible Answer:
1. The essay is about the great historian Sima Qian.
2. He wrote the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian).
3. His father’s influence, his learning and travelling and his perseverance.
Step 3 Useful expression
对......感兴趣                    take an interest in
周游全国                        travel extensively across the country
获取广泛的信息                  get a wide range of information
继他父亲之后成为太史令            succeed his father as Grand Historian
方便他接触......                  facilitate his access to ...
整理可用的资源                  sort out the available resources
需要艰苦的努力                  require painstaking efforts
有效且高效地                    effectively and efficiently
继续某事                        carry on with sth.
被关进监狱                      be put in prison
身体上和精神上                  physically and mentally
无论顺境还是逆境                in good times or bad times
Step 4 Have students find the sentences with predicative clauses in the essay and fill in the box of Part A on page 34
Learning and travelling were exactly what helped him in his later career as a historian.
Answer
His father’s dream was that one day he could write a great masterpiece recording what had happened in history.
His chief concern was whether he could do his job more effectively and efficiently.
【设计意图：通过填空，让学生熟悉文本内容。进一步归纳将来进行时的用法。】
Step 5 Working out the rules
•We can use a noun clause as the predicative of a sentence.
•We can use that to introduce a predicative clause when the clause is a (1) ______. We ca
n use whether to introduce a predicative clause when the clause is a (2) ________. We can use what, why, when, where, etc. to introduce a predicative clause when the clause is a (3) _______.
Answer:
(1) statement  (2) yes-no question  (3) wh-question
Step 6 Go through the notes on page 96.
B Applying the rules
Step 7 Have students finish B1 on page 35.
Complete the sentences with proper linking words to form predicative clauses.
1. I got six books from the library. The question is ________ one I should read first!
2. The truth is _______ there are many reasons why wars break out.
3. We have made it rule that visitors must not touch the china vases. The problem is _______ some visitors do not pay attention to it.
4. The museum was closed. That was _______ we couldn’t see the historical documents.
5. The two historians disagree with each other. The question is ______ it is possible to prove who is right.
6. Besides having the history classes at school, we also visit historic destinations. That is ______ we learn about important events in history.
Answer:
1. which  2. that  3. that  4. why  5. whether  6. how
Step 8 Have students finish B2 on page 35 and then answer the following questions.
In the first century BCE, Sima Qian complete the Shiji, which describes historical events and figure from the era of he Yellow Emperor in ancient legends to his own time.
sort out the factsTotalling over 520,000 Chinese characters and extending over a period of about 3,000 years, the Shiji consists of 130 chapters in five categories. What makes this book remarkable in content is (1) _______ it not only includes vivid descriptions of historical figures such as emperors, ministers or other exceptional figures, but also lists important events in different periods. Another thing to note is (2) ________ it covers advances in astronomy, music, the calender and so on.
One of the main features of the Shiji is (3) _______ the biographies are presented －in the form of stories rather than dry facts. Sima Qian was able to use a small number of words to describe a historical event or figure vividly. Some of the phrases employed in this book are still in constant use.

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