Lesson 16  Speech Making
Teaching Aim and Requirement
Aimed at ensuring the Ss to have a basic knowledge of public speaking.
Teaching methods
PPt, interact between teacher & student
Assignments
What are the essentials of an effective speech
How to overcome nervousness
Teaching procedures
Introduction
What is public speaking
• Public speaking, as its name implies, is a way of making your ideas public – of sharing them with other people and of influencing other people.
A Brief Introduction to public speaking
I. How to Prepare a Speech
• Stating Your Objectives：sort out the facts
  ◇inform
◇train
◇persuade
◇sell
• Analyzing Your Audience
    What to learn about the audience
  Their opinions and levels of prior knowledge of your subject ; their likely bias, both personal and professional
how do you learn it
  Ask the person who has invited you to speak. Find out what the occasion is and if there is a program theme.
• Choosing a Speech Topic and the Speech Theme
  Six Criteria
1. The topic should be interesting to you.
2. It should be interesting to your audience or at least be capable of being made interesting to them.
3. It should be appropriate to the situation.
4. It should be appropriate to the time available.
5. It should be manageable.
6. It should be worthwhile. Don't waste your audience’s time.
• Gathering and Selecting Appropriate Materials
  convincing materials
seven major types of materials: descriptions and explanations, statistics, examples, testimony, comparison and contrast, repetition and restatement, and visuals. guidelines
• Outlining Your Speech
  guidelines:
1. Write and label your specific purpose at the top of your outline.
2. Indicate main ideas, points, sub-points, and supporting materials properly.
3. Use at least two subdivisions, if any, for each point.
Using subdivisions helps you give attention to all the points you want to say.
4. Label the introduction, main body and conclusion.
II. How to Write a Great Speech
• Organizing the Body of the Speech
A. The Introduction
A. It should introduce the topic. providing background information, definitions explanations, etc.
B. Generally it should contain the thesis statement.
C. It should be interesting enough to make the listener want to continue listening. Anecdotes, shocking statistics, quotes, and rhetorical questions
D. It should indicate how your topic will be developed.
E. tell your listeners WHY they should listen to you; such as how they will benefit.
F. include the method of organization that you will follow. This helps the listener prepare for what you are going to say and help them organize the information.
An effective introduction
• Creates a favorable first impression with the audience
• Boosts a speaker’s self-confidence
Gaining attention
• relate the topic to the audience
• State the importance of the topic
• Startle the audience
• Arouse the curiosity of the audience
• Question the audience
• Begin with quotation
• Tell a story
• Using visual aids
• …
Reveal the topic
• Clearly states the speech topic
• Establish the credibility and goodwill of the speaker
Preview the body
• Tells audience what to listen for in the rest
• Provide a smooth lead-in
• Present special information
B. Main Body
a. Each main point discusses one aspect of the thesis.
b. The main points should be linked with clear transitions so as to give the body coherence and unity.
C. Conclusion
A conclusion can restate the thesis.
A conclusion can restate the main points.
A conclusion can call for some sort of action (particularly in a persuasive piece)
A conclusion can highlight areas for further research.
A conclusion can suggest results or consequences.
A conclusion can remind the audience of the importance of the information presented.
The speaker can thank the audience for their attention.
A conclusion should NEVER bring up a new topic.
A speaker should NEVER apologize for their information. The last thing you want to happen is for the audience to question your credibility.
2 functions of conclusion
• Signal the end of the speech
• Reinforce the audience’s understanding of the speech
• Using Speech Language
A. Using Language Accurately
B. Use Language Clearly
C. Use language Vividly
III. How to Deliver a Great Speech
• Physical Delivery
1. posture
A public speaker should look comfortable, confident and prepared to speak. In posture, the two extremes to avoid are rigidity and sloppiness.

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。