ⅠGive your comments on the following titles and keywords or revise them if necessary.
ⅰTitle
(1) On Learning Foreign Languages and Cultural Background Teaching
Foreign Languages Learning and Cultural Background T eaching
(2) A Research on the Artificial Neural Network(ANN) Applied in the Analysis of Structural Mechanics Research on is redundancy, should be omitted.
An Application of the Artificial Neural Network in the Analysis of Structural Mechanics.
(3) Developing Computer Internet and the Spread of Culture and Information
Developing Computer Internet and the Spreading of Culture and Information
(4) Inputting Cross-Cultural Communication for More Effective English Teaching by Means of Inputting Cross-cultural Communication in General College English Teaching
Not good
Inputting Cross-Cultural Communication for More Effective English T eaching—a means on General College English teaching.
(5) Is Literature Useless in TOEFL?
Avoiding question title
How to use literature in TOEFL
(6) Innovation and Material Revolution
a little bit too general
(7) Phase Equilibria(平衡) Between Fluorothene (聚氯三氟乙烯)and Organic Solvents
good title
(8) Can the Rate of Wash Load Be Predicted from the Bed load Function?
Avoiding question title
The Prediction of Wash Load Rate by Bed Load Function
(9) Focusing on the communication Skills-Advanced English communication Course for Non-English Major Postgraduates in Tsinghua University.
Good title
(10) A bridge between Two Worlds
too general
A bridge between Worlds X and Y
ⅱKeywords
(1)Keywords: English, vocabulary, tendency.(without full stop in the end of the keywords)
(2)Keywords: CollocationContextConnection (using large space between words)
(3)Keywords: Five-year plans; economic condition; industry statistical data; Foreign investnent; chemical industry
(good)
(4) Keywords: water transfer, system analysis, DSS (DSS not acceptable)
(5) Keywords: mass media (too general)
(6) Keywords: nuclear waste, nuclear fuel cycle, remediation, bioremediation, citrobacter, heavy metal accumulation,
uranium transuranic elements, echnetium, tributyphosphate, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)
(too many words and two specific)
Ⅱwrite out the titles and keywords on the basis of the following abstracts
abstract 1
With the development of multimedia technology, more and more people get information by “reading” computer’s screen and it results in a new communication problem. When developing a multimedia presentation program, it is very important to organize the multimedia materials in the way that “reader” control the program conveniently, concentrate on the main point quickly and enjoy the presentation easily.
Title: A new communication problem in multimedia presentation
Keywords: Communication problem, multimedia, presentation
Abstract2
This paper examines usage of Chinese typography(印刷排版样式)in a selection of recent award-winning advertisements from the mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. It argues that the visual expression of “Chinese” identify through typography reflects distinct cultural contexts in which the advertisements were produced.
Title: One language, three system-Chinese typography in advertising in Mainland, Hong Kong and T aiwan Keywords: One language, three system, typography, advertising
Abstract3
The Chinese cuisine(烹饪)naming has its specific cultural implications. Its primary motivation is characterized with straightforwardness, as the name of a Chinese dish usually contains four parts: main raw material, subsidiary raw materials, way of cutting and way of cooking. Its literal translation into English generally doesn’t cause much misunderstanding. The secondary motivations of Chinese c
uisine naming consist of the initiator’s name the animal’s name and the plant’s name, which are characterized with associativeness. The Chinese cuisine naming after the initiator’s involves cultural background knowledge. As an animal’s or a plant’s name may cause different associations between the Chinese people and the English-speaking people, the cuisine naming after the animal’s or a plant’s name may give rese to different cultural implications. Its translation into English often forms cross-language and cross-cultural issues. Recently, with more cultural background knowledge involved, Chinese cuisine naming has tended to become diversifier(多样化).We should follow the principles of stability and consistency in cuisine naming and its translation.
Title: Cultural implication in Chinese cuisine naming
Keywords: Cultural implication, Chinese cuisine, naming
Abstract4
In the 21st century, the most fierce competitions are in the supply of talented people of high quality, not in industry and scientific technology. If, to say, 20th century is still an era in which “wealth comes from material resource”, then the 21st century is going to be a complete new era in which “wealth comes from human resource.”To transform the “examination-oriented education” into the “quality-oriented edu
cation” is not a partial adjustment of teaching methods, rather, it is a systematic program that involves various concepts such as the change of teaching methods, rather, it is a systematic program that involves various concepts such as the change of education thinking, the reform of educational structure and the renovation of teaching methods.
Title: china’s education facing the challenge of 21st century
Keywords: Education, challenge, 21st century
Abstract5
The global market competition and the development of new technologies have brought about challenges to manufacturing engineering. How to adapt the shop floor structure to the advent(出现)of the revolution of manufacturing philosophy becomes more and more important. This paper presents a policy based on s production-oriented software
platform(POSP)which in supported by a real-time operating system and database. The structure includes four parts: user interface, application management, communication device and real-time database. It shows that software platform can provided good flexibility to system design and reconfiguration.
Title: Software platform on shop floor
Keywords: software platform, real-time operating system, floor, manufacturing system
Abstract6
The paper describes the design of the underwater laser communication system. In our system, the light pulse produced by the LD pumped solid laser is modulated by the voice coder in the transmitter and recovered to voice in the receiver. The peak power of light pulse is 1000w at the rate of 16Kb/s.
Title: Underwater laser communication system
Keywords: underwater communication, LD pumped solid laser
III Choose from column A the verbs similar in meaning to the verb phrases in column B.
Note there are more verbs in column A
A B
b    1.transmit    a use up
f    2.assimilate    b pass on
a    3 consume    c get rid of
e    4 diffuse    d put off
b    5 transfer    e spread out
c    6 eliminate    f. take in an
d use
d 7 suspend
e 8 increase
a 9 exhausted
d 10 postpone
ⅣMake the underline parts of the following sentences more acceptable in professional papers
1. After a hole was made in a core, a narrow glass tube was pushed into it and the cork was pushed into the neck of a bottle filled with colored water. ( was inserted, was inserted)
2. A reservoir is nearly always higher than the town to which it sends the water, so that gravity gives the push which carries the water through pipes to houses.
( provide the pressure, transports)
3. Archimedes watched and noticed that the water in his bath overflowed when he got in.
(observed)
4. People get natural rubber from rubber trees as a white milky liquid, which is called latex.
(obtain, is known as)
5. But by experiment they found out that it is made of two important gases and very small amounts of the others.
(it was discovered, consists of)
6. The body then gets rid of this carbon dioxide by breathing out
( eliminates, exhaling)
7. The moon can be said to be like a large mirror which throws back the sun’s light the earth.
( compared to, reflect)
8. The reason is that the heat at the end of the silver spoon is pass on quickly from one molecule of silver to the next.
( transferred rapidly)
9. As explained previously, electrons travel round the nucleus, just as planets travel round the sun.
(orbit, orbit)
10. The molecules of the substance are in continual motion. They try to spread out.
(diffuse)
ⅤT ry to work out the meaning of the given words and supply two other examples that you know.
Prefix/suffix word meaning your examples
Micro- microclimate 小气候microcomputer microscope
Hydro- hydrolyze 水解hydrogen hydromechanical
-logy biology 生物学geology physiology
Multi- multiversity 多人科学multimedia multiangular
-graph monograph 专论autography photography Auto- autonomous 自治的autoalarm autobalance -ion absorption 吸收action connection -tude amplitude 振幅magnitude
ⅥGive antonyms of the following by using affixes
(1) Wax dewax
(2) Divisible indivisible
(3) Evidence counter-evidence
(4) Literacy illiteracy
(5) Connect disconnect
(6) Windy windless
(7) Application misapplication
(8) Metal nonmetal
(9) User-friendly user-unfriendly
sort out your computer翻译
(10) Delete undelete
(11) Realism irrealism
(12) Armament disarmament
(13) Fat anti-fat
(14) Nature denature
(15) Missile antimissile
(16) Mature immature
(17) Current countercurrent
(18) Advantage disadvantage
(19) Pollution antipollution
(20) Behave misbehave
(21) Artificial inartificial
(22) Material immaterial
(23) Performance nonperformance
(24) Matter antimatter
ⅦT ranslate the following words into Chinese.
(1)Eco-friendly 环境友好，不破坏生态环境
(2)Movie-holic 看电影成瘾
(3)Short-circuit 短路
(4)Overstate 夸张
(5)Dust-free 防尘的
(6)Redox: reduction-oxidation 氧化还原
(7)PIP: picture in picture 画中画
(8)ROM 只读存储器
(9)Pinger 微波炉
(10)Overcharge 过载
(11)Three-phase 三相
(12)Underline 强调
(13)Biophysical 生物物理
(14)Machine-recognized 机器识别
(15)High-than -average 高于平均值
(16)Speedometer 速度表
(17)Moonman 太空人
(18)AI: artific ial intelligence 人工智能
(19)V aristor 变阻器
(20)Work-holic 工作狂
ⅧAnalyze the abstract below, following the directions stated below, if possible.
(1)Categorize abstract
(2)Underline the topic sentence(s)
(3)Circle the supporting sentences
(4)Draw a box around the conclusion
1 (descriptive abstract 描述性、叙述型)
This paper compares East and West (American and Chinese ) campaign practices and reveals the prominence of culture and its impacts upon the operation of public communication campaigns. Specially, this comparative study shows that, Chinese and American campaign practices differ in (1) ideologies and perceptions; (2) approaches and strategies; and(3) implementations and evaluations. In running the campaigns, American rely heavily on mass media and concentrate on short-term goals, whereas Chinese depends more on interpersonal influences and primarily on long-term social effects. These differences in campaign practices are however attributable to their respective cultural orientations.
2 (informational-indicative 资料概括型)
This paper presents in a systematic way grammatical analysis and presentation of grammatical information in bilingual dictionaries on five levels, i.e., word class, subclass, grammatical forms, syntac
tic features and usage, followed by an explanation of how to display syntactic properties and functions of words through carefully chosen examples. It treats grammatical analysis as an essential process in corpus construction and explores the possibility of presenting more grammatical information in electronic bilingual dictionaries for the benefit of foreign language teaching and learning.
3 (informational abstract资料型)
Neuropathic(神经性的) foot ulceration (溃疡) is a major medical and economic problem among diabetic (糖尿病的) patients, yet the traditional treatment involves bed rest with complete freedom from weight bearing. We have investigated
ⅨT ranslate the following into Chinese, paying attention to the meaning of the underline parts.
(1)The computer will be out of order with a laymen noodling.
外行人乱击键盘会使计算机程序混乱
(2)The machine serves as trouble shooting
这部机器用来寻查故障
(3)The problem is how to debug as soon as possible.
问题是怎样尽快拆除窃听器，问题是如何尽快做好调试
(4)To stimulate themselves some of the young men are crazy on rock and roll, break and so on.
为寻求刺激，一些年轻人迷恋于摇滚乐、霹雳舞等
(5)There will be a large proportion of baby cars in Chinese market.
微型汽车将在中国市场占有很大的比例
(6)This kind of ball bearing is more effective.
这种滚珠轴承效果更好
(7)The test bed is five feet in length.
这个实验台五英尺长
(8)The prices in the Southeast Asian countries escalate rapidly, because of the monetary crisis in this area.

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