部编小升初小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧
（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。
1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。
这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary,
A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等
2小学的说明，科普类短文都十分浅显，只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的，如,Time, the Spring
Festival .等，即使文章较长，问题也十分明显，从文中都能到答案.
同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.
1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes
them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).
Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.”
“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.
“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”
前天)!”
“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(
(  )(1).Who is Sam?
A. He is English.
B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.
(  )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”？
坏的“ D It’s “
干净的”C It’s “
好的”
A. It’s “　
脏的“. B It’s “
(  )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?
A Eggs.
B Soap
C Water
D Bread
(  )(4) Which of these is not wrong?
A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.
B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.
C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.
D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.
2.Hen(母鸡): There is some rice here. Eat it like this,my children.
Chickens: Like this, Mother?
Hen: Yes,that’s right, good.
Eagle(鹰): There are some chickens here. I want to eat them.
Hen: Don’t worry, my children . Let me do with it.
Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,Mrs.Hen?
猎人)near here.
Hen:No, you can’t. There is a hunter(
Eagle: I must go now.
Hen: Let’s go home, my children.
Chickens: All right.
(  )(1) The chicken likes to eat the ____.
A hen
B rice
C chicken
D his children
(  )(2) The hen _____look after her children.
A can
B can’t
C is
D isn’ｔ
(  )(3)______saves the chickens.
A The hunter.
B The hen
C The eagle
D A man
(  )(4)The eagle can’t eat_____ at last.
A the chickens
B go.
C the hunter
D the hen
（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：
（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息
以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明
文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻文
章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的
主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。
（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后
加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什
么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。
（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释
法。
（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一
个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主
旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？
１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的
方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原
因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先
提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。
２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文
章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按"总-分-总"这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进
一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。
３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后
带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。
４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识
或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就
容易多了。
5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，
解题时要"带着问题读查短文"分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。
6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，
你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是
概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题
要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解并选择正确的答案。
Long long ago, there was a bad king. All of his people hated him. One hot day, he was taking a walk along a river when he decided to have a swim in it. He was a good swimmer, but while he
was in the river, he suddenly fell ill and was dying. At that time two farmers were working in the
field nearby. They came over, jumped into the river, and he was saved. They didn't know who was until they pull him out of the water. The king was happy. He said to the two farmer, "Today you
have saved my life. Ask for anything, and I'll give it to you. I'm the richest in the world." "Don't
tell anybody that we have saved you," the two farmers said together.
（1）All of people ____ the king.
A. loved
B. visited
C. hated
（2）One day, the king decided to ______.
A. take a walk
B. have a swim
C. Walk by the river.
（3）______ jumped into the river.
A. The king
B. Nobody
C. Two farmers
（4）The farmers were _____ to save the king.
A. happy
B. worried
C. sad
（5）The king was very _____.
A. kind
B. friendly
C. bad
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：描述国王游泳被救的事情。
（1）根据All of his people hated him.可知所有人都憎恨他，故选C。
（2）根据he decided to have a swim in it.可知他决定去游泳。故选B。
（3）根据 They came over, jumped into the river, and he was saved. 可知这两个农民跳进了河
里救了国王，故选C。
（4）根据"Don't tell anybody that we have saved you," the two farmers said together.可知这两个农民看到被救的人是国王不开心，故选C。
（5）根据 Long long ago, there was a bad king.可知那个国王很坏，故选C。
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确
选择。
3．阅读理解阅读短文，根据短文填空    It is Saturday. The Browns are at home. Mrs. Brown is in the kitchen. She is making lunch. Mr. Brown isn't in the living room. He is outside. He is washing his car. The car is new and very beautiful. Jim is playing football with some boys. Where
is his sister, Sue? She's watching TV in her bedroom with her friend, Ann.
（1）There are ________people in Mr. Brown's family.
（2）Mrs. Brown is ________.
（3）Mr. Brown is ________his car.
（4）________is playing football.
（5）Sue and Ann are ________in Sue's bedroom.
【答案】（1）four
（2）making lunch
（3）washing
（4）Jim
（5）watching TV
【解析】【分析】通读短文了解到，星期六布朗一家在家正在做什么，妈妈正在做饭，爸
爸正在洗车，吉姆正在和孩子们踢球，妹妹正在和她的朋友看电视。
（1）通读短文知道，布朗一家有四口人，爸爸，妈妈，哥哥和妹妹。故答案为four.
（2）根据所给的短文，Mrs. Brown is in the kitchen. She is making lunch. 布朗太太在厨房里。她正在做午饭。故答案为making lunch.
（3）根据所给的短文，Mr. Brown isn't in the living room. He is outside. He is washing his car.
布朗先生不在起居室里。他在外面。他正在洗车。故答案为washing.
（4）根据所给的短文，Jim is playing football with some boys.吉姆正在和一些男孩踢足球。
故答案为Jim.
（5）根据所给的短文，Where is his sister, Sue? She's watching TV in her bedroom with her friend, Ann.苏，他的妹妹在哪里？她正在卧室和她的朋友安安一起看电视。故答案为
watching TV.【点评】阅读的关键在看懂短文，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量使用的短
文中词语填写答案。
4．阅读理解阅读短文，选择正确的答案。    On Christmas Eve, the evening before Christmas Day, children always put a stocking(长筒袜) at the end of their beds. Their parents often tell them that Santa will bring gifts for the good children. When the children sleep in their beds, Santa will climb down the chimney(烟囱)into the house and fill the stockings with Christmas gifts.
In fact, children's fathers will put on red hats and red clothes. They will put the gifts into the stockings or under the Christmas trees.
（1）Christmas Eve is ________.
A. the evening of Christmas Day
B. the evening before Christmas Day
C. Christmas Day
（2）Santa often puts gifts ________.
A. into children's hats
B. into children's shoes
C. into children's stockings
（3）Santa comes into the house through the ________.
A. chimney
B. window
C. back door
（4）In fact, when the children go to sleep, ________ will put the gifts into the stockings.            A. Santa                      B. the children's friends                      C. the children's fathers
（5）Santa always wears ________.
A. a green hat and green clothes
B. a red hat and red clothes
C. a white hat and red clothes
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍圣诞节前夕发生的一些的事情。
（1）细节阅读，根据On Christmas Eve, the evening before Christmas Day.得知圣诞节前夕就
是圣诞节前的晚上，故答案为：  B.
spring怎么读英文怎么读（2）细节阅读，根据Santa will climb down the chimney(烟囱)into the house and fill the stockings with Christmas gifts.得知圣诞老人把礼物放到孩子们的袜子里。故答案为：  C.
（3）细节阅读，根据句子Santa will climb down the chimney(烟囱)into the house得知顺着烟
筒爬进屋子里，故答案为：  A.
（4）细节阅读，根据  In fact, children's fathers will put on red hats and red clothes. 得知孩子
的父亲把礼物放进去的，故答案为：  C.
（5）细节阅读，根据  In fact, children's fathers will put on red hats and red clothes. 得知圣诞
老人总是戴着红帽子穿着红衣服，故答案为：  B.
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确
选择。
5．阅读理解  A funny old man
My neighbour is an old man．He is seventy—two years old．He lives with his granddaughter Linda．Every morning，he goes for a walk in the park and comes home at half past twelve for
his lunch．
One day a police car stops outside Linda's house at twelve o'clock．Two policemen help Linda's grandfather get out．One of them says to Linda，“He lost(迷失)his way in the park and telephoned us
for help．”Linda is very surprised(奇怪)．So she asks her grandfather，“You have been to the park every day for twenty years．How did you lose your way?”
The old man smiles and says, "I'm sorry．I’m too tired today．So I don't want to walk home．”
根据内容回答下列问题
（1）Who lives with Linda?
（2）When does the old man have lunch every day?
（3）How does the old man feel that day?
（4）Why does the old man telephone the policeman?
【答案】（1）An old man lives with Linda．／ Linda's grandfather lives with her．
（2）He has lunch at half past twelve．
（3）He feels tired．
（4）Because he doesn't want to walk home．
【解析】【分析】该短文讲述的是一个滑稽老头的故事。
（1）推理判断 . 题意：谁和琳达住在一起？根据短文第一段中的语句“My neighbour is an

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